{"id":107,"date":"2022-03-28T16:37:27","date_gmt":"2022-03-28T08:37:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/47.118.40.97:8082\/?p=107"},"modified":"2022-04-06T15:37:14","modified_gmt":"2022-04-06T07:37:14","slug":"docker-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/?p=107","title":{"rendered":"Docker-1"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<h3>\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u4e3a <strong>\u5185\u6838<\/strong> \u548c <strong>\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e <code>Linux<\/code> \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6302\u8f7d <code>root<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u652f\u6301\u3002\u800c <strong>Docker \u955c\u50cf<\/strong>\uff08<code>Image<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a <code>root<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf <code>ubuntu:18.04<\/code> \u5c31\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e00\u5957 Ubuntu 18.04 \u6700\u5c0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 <code>root<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<p><strong>Docker \u955c\u50cf<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u5e93\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u5982\u533f\u540d\u5377\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u955c\u50cf <strong>\u4e0d\u5305\u542b<\/strong> \u4efb\u4f55\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u4e4b\u540e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6539\u53d8<\/p>\n<h3>\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8<\/h3>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u5305\u542b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 <code>root<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u4f53\u79ef\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728 Docker \u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Union_mount\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >Union FS<\/a>\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a <code>ISO<\/code> \u90a3\u6837\u7684\u6253\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u4f53\u73b0\u5e76\u975e\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u7531\u591a\u5c42\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8054\u5408\u7ec4\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e00\u5c42\u5c42\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u524d\u4e00\u5c42\u662f\u540e\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u6784\u5efa\u5b8c\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u5c42\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u53ea\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u524d\u4e00\u5c42\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5220\u9664\u524d\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ec5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5c42\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u3002\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u8ddf\u968f\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5c0f\u5fc3\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u5c3d\u91cf\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u5c42\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u8be5\u5c42\u6784\u5efa\u7ed3\u675f\u524d\u6e05\u7406\u6389<\/p>\n<p>\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8fd8\u4f7f\u5f97\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u590d\u7528\u3001\u5b9a\u5236\u53d8\u7684\u66f4\u4e3a\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<h3>\u5bb9\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u955c\u50cf\uff08<code>Image<\/code>\uff09\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\uff08<code>Container<\/code>\uff09\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684 <code>\u7c7b<\/code> \u548c <code>\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/code> \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u955c\u50cf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u5bb9\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u6682\u505c\u7b49<\/p>\n<p>\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5bb9\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 <code>root<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7528\u6237 ID \u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u73af\u5883\u91cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bb9\u5668\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u8fd0\u884c\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n<p>\u955c\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5c42\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u524d\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u800c\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u4e3a <strong>\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u5468\u671f\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u6d88\u4ea1\u65f6\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u6d88\u4ea1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u4f1a\u968f\u5bb9\u5668\u5220\u9664\u800c\u4e22\u5931\u6309\u7167 Docker \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5411\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u5185\u5199\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u5316\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5377\uff08Volume\uff09\u3001\u6216\u8005\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5bbf\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u4f1a\u8df3\u8fc7\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u5bbf\u4e3b\uff08\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u5b58\u50a8\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u8bfb\u5199\uff0c\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8<\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5377\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u5468\u671f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u6d88\u4ea1\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5377\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d88\u4ea1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5377\u540e\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5220\u9664\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5374\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931<\/p>\n<h3>\u4ed3\u5e93<\/h3>\n<p>\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u5206\u53d1\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0cDocker Registry\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a <strong>Docker Registry<\/strong> \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a <strong>\u4ed3\u5e93<\/strong>\uff08<code>Repository<\/code>\uff09\uff1b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4ed3\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a <strong>\u6807\u7b7e<\/strong>\uff08<code>Tag<\/code>\uff09\uff1b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed3\u5e93\u4f1a\u5305\u542b\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u800c\u6807\u7b7e\u5c31\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5e94\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>&lt;\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d&gt;:&lt;\u6807\u7b7e&gt;<\/code> \u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u54ea\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7ed9\u51fa\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5 <code>latest<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6807\u7b7e<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5Ubuntu\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0cubuntu<code> \u662f\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5305\u542b\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7248\u672c\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5982\uff0c<\/code>16.04<code>, <\/code>18.04<code>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <\/code>ubuntu:16.04<code>\uff0c\u6216\u8005 <\/code>ubuntu:18.04<code> \u6765\u5177\u4f53\u6307\u5b9a\u6240\u9700\u54ea\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <\/code>ubuntu<code>\uff0c\u90a3\u5c06\u89c6\u4e3a <\/code>ubuntu:latest<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4ee5\u4e24\u6bb5\u5f0f\u8def\u5f84\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>jwilder\/nginx-proxy<\/code>\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u610f\u5473\u7740 Docker Registry \u591a\u7528\u6237\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5219\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u7edd\u5bf9\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5177\u4f53 Docker Registry \u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6216\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<h3>Docker Registry \u516c\u5f00\u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n<p>Docker Registry \u516c\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u955c\u50cf\u7684 Registry \u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u516c\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u514d\u8d39\u4e0a\u4f20\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7d\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6536\u8d39\u670d\u52a1\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u79c1\u6709\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Registry \u516c\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5b98\u65b9\u7684Docker Hub\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684Registry\uff0c\u5e76\u62e5\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709 Red Hat \u7684Quay.io\uff1bGoole\u7684Goole Container Registry\uff0cKubernetes\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1b\u4ee3\u7801\u6258\u7ba1\u5e73\u53f0GitHub\u63a8\u51fa\u7684ghcr.io<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9 Docker Hub \u7684\u955c\u50cf\u670d\u52a1\uff08<code>Registry Mirror<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u955c\u50cf\u670d\u52a1\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a <strong>\u52a0\u901f\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\u79c1\u6709 Docker Registry<\/h3>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u5916\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672c\u5730\u642d\u5efa\u79c1\u6709 Docker Registry\u3002Docker \u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Docker Registry\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u505a\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709 Registry \u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p>\u5f00\u6e90\u7684 Docker Registry \u955c\u50cf\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Docker Registry API\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u652f\u6301docker\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u955c\u50cf\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u7684 Docker Registry \u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 Docker Registry API\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cHarbor\u548cSonatype Nexus<\/p>\n<h2>\u5b89\u88c5Docker<\/h2>\n<p>Docker \u5206\u4e3a <code>stable<\/code> <code>test<\/code> \u548c <code>nightly<\/code> \u4e09\u4e2a\u66f4\u65b0\u9891\u9053<\/p>\n<p>\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/get-docker\/\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >\u5b89\u88c5\u6307\u5357<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n<h3>Ubuntu<\/h3>\n<h4>\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<h5>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u6c42<\/h5>\n<p>Docker \u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7248\u672c\u7684Ubuntu\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ubuntu Hirsute 21.04<\/li>\n<li>Ubuntu Groovy 20.10<\/li>\n<li>Ubuntu Focal 20.04 (LTS)<\/li>\n<li>buntu Bionic 18.04 (LTS)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Docker \u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u5728 64 \u4f4d\u7684 x86 \u5e73\u53f0\u6216 ARM \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u3002Ubuntu \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0cLTS\uff08Long-Term-Support\uff09\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97 5 \u5e74\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u7ef4\u62a4\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4f1a\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 LTS \u7248\u672c<\/p>\n<h5>\u5378\u8f7d\u65e7\u7248\u672c<\/h5>\n<p>\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684 Docker \u79f0\u4e3a <code>docker<\/code> \u6216\u8005 <code>docker-engine<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5378\u8f7d\u65e7\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo apt-get remove docker \\\n               docker-engine \\\n               docker.io<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u4f7f\u7528 APT \u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e <code>apt<\/code> \u6e90\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4ee5\u53ca CA \u8bc1\u4e66<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo apt-get update\n\nsudo apt-get install \\\n    apt-transport-https \\\n    ca-certificates \\\n    curl \\\n    gnupg \\\n    lsb-release<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9274\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u56fd\u5185\u6e90\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\u8bf7\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u8ba4\u6240\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90\u7684 <code>GPG<\/code> \u5bc6\u94a5<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">curl -fsSL https:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com\/docker-ce\/linux\/ubuntu\/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o \/usr\/share\/keyrings\/docker-archive-keyring.gpg\n\n# \u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\n# curl -fsSL https:\/\/download.docker.com\/linux\/ubuntu\/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o \/usr\/share\/keyrings\/docker-archive-keyring.gpg<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5411 <code>sources.list<\/code> \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 Docker \u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">echo \\\n  &quot;deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=\/usr\/share\/keyrings\/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com\/docker-ce\/linux\/ubuntu \\\n  $(lsb_release -cs) stable&quot; | sudo tee \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/docker.list &gt; \/dev\/null\n\n# \u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\n# echo \\\n#   &quot;deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=\/usr\/share\/keyrings\/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https:\/\/download.docker.com\/linux\/ubuntu \\\n#   $(lsb_release -cs) stable&quot; | sudo tee \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/docker.list &gt; \/dev\/null<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684 Docker APT \u955c\u50cf\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7248\u672c\u7684 Docker \u8bf7\u5c06 stable \u6539\u4e3a test<\/p>\n<h5>\u5b89\u88c5 Docker<\/h5>\n<p>\u66f4\u65b0 apt \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 <code>docker-ce<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u4f7f\u7528\u811a\u672c\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d Docker \u5b98\u65b9\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u5b89\u88c5\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c\uff0cUbuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u5957\u811a\u672c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>--mirror<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u4f7f\u7528\u56fd\u5185\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u60f3\u5b89\u88c5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7248\u7684 Docker, \u8bf7\u4ece <a href=\"https:\/\/test.docker.com\/\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >https:\/\/test.docker.com\/<\/a> \u83b7\u53d6\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">#  curl -fsSL test.docker.com -o get-docker.sh\ncurl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh\nsudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror Aliyun\n#  sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror AzureChinaCloud<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u5c06\u4e00\u5207\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u505a\u597d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a Docker \u7684\u7a33\u5b9a(stable)\u7248\u672c\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d<\/p>\n<h4>\u542f\u52a8Docker<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo systemctl enable docker\nsudo systemctl start docker<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u5efa\u7acb docker \u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/h4>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c<code>docker<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Unix socket\u4e0eDocker\u5f15\u64ce\u901a\u8baf\u3002\u800c\u53ea\u6709 <code>root<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u548c <code>docker<\/code> \u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u7684 Unix socket\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u4e00\u822c Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>root<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker<\/code> \u7684\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165 <code>docker<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/p>\n<p>\u5efa\u7acb <code>docker<\/code> \u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo groupadd docker<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165 <code>docker<\/code> \u7ec4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo usermod -aG docker $USER<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n<h4>\u6d4b\u8bd5 Docker \u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u6b63\u786e<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">docker run --rm hello-world\n\nUnable to find image &#039;hello-world:latest&#039; locally\nlatest: Pulling from library\/hello-world\nb8dfde127a29: Pull complete\nDigest: sha256:308866a43596e83578c7dfa15e27a73011bdd402185a84c5cd7f32a88b501a24\nStatus: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest\n\nHello from Docker!\nThis message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.\n\nTo generate this message, Docker took the following steps:\n 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.\n 2. The Docker daemon pulled the &quot;hello-world&quot; image from the Docker Hub.\n    (amd64)\n 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the\n    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.\n 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it\n    to your terminal.\n\nTo try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:\ndocker run -it ubuntu bash\n\nShare images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:\n https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/\n\nFor more examples and ideas, visit:\n https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/get-started\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u82e5\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f<\/p>\n<h4>\u955c\u50cf\u52a0\u901f<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u62c9\u53d6 Docker \u955c\u50cf\u5341\u5206\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e Docker\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u955c\u50cf\u52a0\u901f<\/p>\n<h3>CentOS<\/h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u8b66\u544a\uff1a\u5207\u52ff\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u914d\u7f6e Docker YUM \u6e90\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 yum \u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 Docker<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4>\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<h5>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u6c42<\/h5>\n<p>Docker \u652f\u6301 64 \u4f4d\u7248\u672c CentOS 7\/8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u4f4e\u4e8e 3.10\u3002 CentOS 7 \u6ee1\u8db3\u6700\u4f4e\u5185\u6838\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982 <code>overlay2<\/code> \u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u9a71\u52a8\uff09\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u592a\u7a33\u5b9a<\/p>\n<h5>\u5378\u8f7d\u65e7\u7248\u672c<\/h5>\n<p>\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684 Docker \u79f0\u4e3a <code>docker<\/code> \u6216\u8005 <code>docker-engine<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5378\u8f7d\u65e7\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo yum remove docker \\\n                  docker-client \\\n                  docker-client-latest \\\n                  docker-common \\\n                  docker-latest \\\n                  docker-latest-logrotate \\\n                  docker-logrotate \\\n                  docker-selinux \\\n                  docker-engine-selinux \\\n                  docker-engine<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u4f7f\u7528 yum \u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo yum install -y yum-utils<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9274\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u56fd\u5185\u6e90\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\u8bf7\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>yum<\/code> \u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo yum-config-manager \\\n    --add-repo \\\n    https:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com\/docker-ce\/linux\/centos\/docker-ce.repo\n\nsudo sed -i &#039;s\/download.docker.com\/mirrors.aliyun.com\\\/docker-ce\/g&#039; \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/docker-ce.repo\n\n# \u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\n# sudo yum-config-manager \\\n#     --add-repo \\\n#     https:\/\/download.docker.com\/linux\/centos\/docker-ce.repo<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7248\u672c\u7684 Docker \u8bf7\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-test<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u5b89\u88c5 Docker<\/h5>\n<p>\u66f4\u65b0 <code>yum<\/code> \u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5 <code>docker-ce<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>CentOS8 \u989d\u5916\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h4>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e CentOS8 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 <code>nftables<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46 Docker \u5c1a\u672a\u652f\u6301 <code>nftables<\/code>\uff0c \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528 <code>iptables<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u6539 <code>\/etc\/firewalld\/firewalld.conf<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code># FirewallBackend=nftables\nFirewallBackend=iptables<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\u6267\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=trusted --add-interface=docker0\n\nfirewall-cmd --reload<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u4f7f\u7528\u811a\u672c\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d Docker \u5b98\u65b9\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u5b89\u88c5\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u811a\u672c\uff0cCentOS \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u5957\u811a\u672c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>--mirror<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u4f7f\u7528\u56fd\u5185\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u60f3\u5b89\u88c5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7248\u7684 Docker, \u8bf7\u4ece <a href=\"https:\/\/test.docker.com\/\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >https:\/\/test.docker.com\/<\/a> \u83b7\u53d6\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\"># curl -fsSL test.docker.com -o get-docker.sh\ncurl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh\nsudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror Aliyun\n# sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror AzureChinaCloud<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u811a\u672c\u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u5c06\u4e00\u5207\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u505a\u597d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a Docker \u7684\u7a33\u5b9a(stable)\u7248\u672c\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d<\/p>\n<h4>\u542f\u52a8 Docker<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">sudo systemctl enable docker\nsudo systemctl start docker<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u5efa\u7acb docker \u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">#\u5efa\u7acbDocker\u7ec4\nsudo groupadd docker\n#\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165 docker \u7ec4\nsudo usermod -aG docker $USER<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n<h4>\u6d4b\u8bd5 Docker \u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u6b63\u786e<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">docker run --rm hello-world\n\nUnable to find image &#039;hello-world:latest&#039; locally\nlatest: Pulling from library\/hello-world\nb8dfde127a29: Pull complete\nDigest: sha256:308866a43596e83578c7dfa15e27a73011bdd402185a84c5cd7f32a88b501a24\nStatus: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest\n\nHello from Docker!\nThis message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.\n\nTo generate this message, Docker took the following steps:\n 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.\n 2. The Docker daemon pulled the &quot;hello-world&quot; image from the Docker Hub.\n    (amd64)\n 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the\n    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.\n 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it\n    to your terminal.\n\nTo try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:\ndocker run -it ubuntu bash\n\nShare images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:\n https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/\n\nFor more examples and ideas, visit:\n https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/get-started\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u82e5\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f<\/p>\n<h4>\u955c\u50cf\u52a0\u901f<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u62c9\u53d6 Docker \u955c\u50cf\u5341\u5206\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e Docker\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u955c\u50cf\u52a0\u901f<\/p>\n<h2>\u955c\u50cf<\/h2>\n<h3>\u83b7\u53d6\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ece Docker \u955c\u50cf\u4ed3\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f <code>docker pull<\/code>\u3002\u5176\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker pull [\u9009\u9879] [Docker Registry \u5730\u5740[:\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7]\/]\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d[:\u6807\u7b7e]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>docker pull --help<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Docker \u955c\u50cf\u4ed3\u5e93\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e00\u822c\u662f <code>&lt;\u57df\u540d\/IP&gt;[:\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7]<\/code>\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5730\u5740\u662f Docker Hub(<code>docker.io<\/code>)<\/li>\n<li>\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\uff1a\u5982\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\u662f\u4e24\u6bb5\u5f0f\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5373 <code>&lt;\u7528\u6237\u540d&gt;\/&lt;\u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d&gt;<\/code>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e Docker Hub\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7ed9\u51fa\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a <code>library<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker pull ubuntu:18.04\n18.04: Pulling from library\/ubuntu\n92dc2a97ff99: Pull complete\nbe13a9d27eb8: Pull complete\nc8299583700a: Pull complete\nDigest: sha256:4bc3ae6596938cb0d9e5ac51a1152ec9dcac2a1c50829c74abd9c4361e321b26\nStatus: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:18.04\ndocker.io\/library\/ubuntu:18.04<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u51fa Docker \u955c\u50cf\u4ed3\u5e93\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ece Docker Hub \uff08<code>docker.io<\/code>\uff09\u83b7\u53d6\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u800c\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u79f0\u662f <code>ubuntu:18.04<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u4f1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf <code>library\/ubuntu<\/code> \u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u6807\u7b7e\u4e3a <code>18.04<\/code> \u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002<code>docker pull<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5373\uff1a <code>docker.io\/library\/ubuntu:18.04<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u7531\u591a\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6784\u6210\u3002\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u5c42\u5c42\u7684\u53bb\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u5355\u4e00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684 ID \u7684\u524d 12 \u4f4d\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u8be5\u955c\u50cf\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 <code>sha256<\/code> \u7684\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f60\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\u5c42 ID \u4ee5\u53ca <code>sha256<\/code> \u7684\u6458\u8981\u548c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u65b0\u7684 bug\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\u518d\u4ee5\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4efb\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<h4>\u8fd0\u884c<\/h4>\n<p>\u6709\u4e86\u955c\u50cf\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u542f\u52a8\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 <code>ubuntu:18.04<\/code> \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u7b97\u542f\u52a8\u91cc\u9762\u7684 <code>bash<\/code> \u5e76\u4e14\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run -it --rm ubuntu:18.04 bash\n\nroot@daniel:\/# cat \/etc\/os-release\nNAME=&quot;Ubuntu&quot;\nVERSION=&quot;18.04.1 LTS (Bionic Beaver)&quot;\nID=ubuntu\nID_LIKE=debian\nPRETTY_NAME=&quot;Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS&quot;\nVERSION_ID=&quot;18.04&quot;\nHOME_URL=&quot;https:\/\/www.ubuntu.com\/&quot;\nSUPPORT_URL=&quot;https:\/\/help.ubuntu.com\/&quot;\nBUG_REPORT_URL=&quot;https:\/\/bugs.launchpad.net\/ubuntu\/&quot;\nPRIVACY_POLICY_URL=&quot;https:\/\/www.ubuntu.com\/legal\/terms-and-policies\/privacy-policy&quot;\nVERSION_CODENAME=bionic\nUBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>docker run<\/code> \u5c31\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b80\u8981\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e0a\u9762\u7528\u5230\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>-it<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f <code>-i<\/code>\uff1a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f <code>-t<\/code> \u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u6253\u7b97\u8fdb\u5165 <code>bash<\/code> \u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7ec8\u7aef<\/li>\n<li><code>--rm<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u8bf4\u5bb9\u5668\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u968f\u4e4b\u5c06\u5176\u5220\u9664\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6392\u969c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u624b\u52a8 <code>docker rm<\/code>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u662f\u968f\u4fbf\u6267\u884c\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6392\u969c\u548c\u4fdd\u7559\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528 <code>--rm<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6d6a\u8d39\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li>\n<li><code>ubuntu:18.04<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u6307\u7528 <code>ubuntu:18.04<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668<\/li>\n<li><code>bash<\/code>\uff1a\u653e\u5728\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u540e\u7684\u662f <strong>\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6709\u4e2a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f Shell\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u7684\u662f `bash<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fdb\u5165\u5bb9\u5668\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Shell \u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u6240\u9700\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u4e86 <code>cat \/etc\/os-release<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f Linux \u5e38\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u662f <code>Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS<\/code> \u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7 <code>exit<\/code> \u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668<\/p>\n<h3>\u5217\u51fa\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u60f3\u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker image ls<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls\nREPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE\n&lt;none&gt;               &lt;none&gt;              00285df0df87        5 days ago          342 MB\nubuntu               18.04               329ed837d508        3 days ago          63.3MB\nubuntu               bionic              329ed837d508        3 days ago          63.3MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b\u4e86 <code>\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d<\/code>\u3001<code>\u6807\u7b7e<\/code>\u3001<code>\u955c\u50cf ID<\/code>\u3001<code>\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4<\/code> \u4ee5\u53ca <code>\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u7ae0\u8282\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002<strong>\u955c\u50cf ID<\/strong> \u5219\u662f\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a <strong>\u6807\u7b7e<\/strong>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 <code>ubuntu:18.04<\/code> \u548c <code>ubuntu:bionic<\/code> \u62e5\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684 ID\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<h4>\u955c\u50cf\u4f53\u79ef<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u5728 Docker Hub \u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c<code>ubuntu:18.04<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f <code>63.3MB<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728Docker Hub\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5374\u662f <code>25.47 MB<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Docker Hub \u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u662f\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u3002\u5728\u955c\u50cf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u548c\u4e0a\u4f20\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u538b\u7f29\u72b6\u6001\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 Docker Hub \u6240\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u66f4\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u800c <code>docker image ls<\/code> \u663e\u793a\u7684\u662f\u955c\u50cf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730\u540e\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u51c6\u786e\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u5c55\u5f00\u540e\u7684\u5404\u5c42\u6240\u5360\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u5230\u672c\u5730\u540e\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u66f4\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c<code>docker image ls<\/code> \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4f53\u79ef\u603b\u548c\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u6240\u6709\u955c\u50cf\u5b9e\u9645\u786c\u76d8\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u7531\u4e8e Docker \u955c\u50cf\u662f\u591a\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u3001\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\u955c\u50cf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u62e5\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u3002\u7531\u4e8e Docker \u4f7f\u7528 Union FS\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4efd\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b9e\u9645\u955c\u50cf\u786c\u76d8\u5360\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8981\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u955c\u50cf\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u603b\u548c\u8981\u5c0f\u7684\u591a<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>docker system df<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u955c\u50cf\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5377\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker system df\n\nTYPE                TOTAL               ACTIVE              SIZE                RECLAIMABLE\nImages              24                  0                   1.992GB             1.992GB (100%)\nContainers          1                   0                   62.82MB             62.82MB (100%)\nLocal Volumes       9                   0                   652.2MB             652.2MB (100%)\nBuild Cache                                                 0B                  0B<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u865a\u60ac\u955c\u50cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u65e2\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5747\u4e3a <code>&lt;none&gt;<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">&lt;none&gt;               &lt;none&gt;              00285df0df87        5 days ago          342 MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u539f\u672c\u662f\u6709\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u4e3a <code>mongo:3.2<\/code>\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0 <code>docker pull mongo:3.2<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c<code>mongo:3.2<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u88ab\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4e86\u65b0\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u65e7\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\u5219\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86 <code>&lt;none&gt;<\/code>\u3002\u9664\u4e86 <code>docker pull<\/code> \u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c<code>docker build<\/code> \u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u65e7\u955c\u50cf\u540c\u540d\uff0c\u65e7\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u79f0\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u5747\u4e3a <code>&lt;none&gt;<\/code> \u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u955c\u50cf\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a <strong>\u865a\u60ac\u955c\u50cf(dangling image)<\/strong> \uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e13\u95e8\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls -f dangling=true\nREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE\n&lt;none&gt;              &lt;none&gt;              00285df0df87        5 days ago          342 MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u865a\u60ac\u955c\u50cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u5220\u9664\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image prune<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u955c\u50cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u901f\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u91cd\u590d\u5229\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\uff0cDocker \u4f1a\u5229\u7528 <strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u955c\u50cf<\/strong>\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 <code>docker image ls<\/code> \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u53ea\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u9876\u5c42\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u663e\u793a\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u955c\u50cf\u5728\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u52a0 <code>-a<\/code> \u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls -a<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u865a\u60ac\u955c\u50cf\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u662f\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u955c\u50cf\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e0\u6807\u7b7e\u955c\u50cf\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u5c42\u955c\u50cf\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e22\u5931\u800c\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u955c\u50cf\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u53ea\u4f1a\u5b58\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u522b\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u5217\u51fa\u6765\u800c\u591a\u5b58\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4f60\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5220\u9664\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u955c\u50cf\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u8fde\u5e26\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<h4>\u5217\u51fa\u90e8\u5206\u955c\u50cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e0d\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c<code>docker image ls<\/code> \u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u9876\u5c42\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u5e0c\u671b\u5217\u51fa\u90e8\u5206\u955c\u50cf\u3002<code>docker image ls<\/code> \u6709\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u60c5<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\u5217\u51fa\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls ubuntu\nREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE\nubuntu              18.04               329ed837d508        3 days ago          63.3MB\nubuntu              bionic              329ed837d508        3 days ago          63.3MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5217\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6307\u5b9a\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\u548c\u6807\u7b7e<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls ubuntu:18.04\nREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE\nubuntu              18.04               329ed837d508        3 days ago          63.3MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u9664\u6b64\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c<code>docker image ls<\/code> \u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u53c2\u6570 <code>--filter<\/code>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7b80\u5199 <code>-f<\/code>\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u6765\u5217\u51fa\u865a\u60ac\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u770b\u5230\u5728 <code>mongo:3.2<\/code> \u4e4b\u540e\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls -f since=mongo:3.2\nREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE\nredis               latest              5f515359c7f8        5 days ago          183 MB\nnginx               latest              05a60462f8ba        5 days ago          181 MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u628a <code>since<\/code> \u6362\u6210 <code>before<\/code> \u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86 <code>LABEL<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>LABEL<\/code> \u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls -f label=com.example.version=0.1\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/h4>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c<code>docker image ls<\/code> \u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u521a\u624d\u5220\u9664\u865a\u60ac\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528 <code>docker image ls<\/code> \u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u865a\u60ac\u955c\u50cf\u7684 ID \u5217\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u7ed9 <code>docker image rm<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u7528\u5230\u4e86 <code>-q<\/code> \u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls -q\n5f515359c7f8\n05a60462f8ba\nfe9198c04d62\n00285df0df87\n329ed837d508\n329ed837d508<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>--filter<\/code> \u914d\u5408 <code>-q<\/code> \u4ea7\u751f\u51fa\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u7684 ID \u5217\u8868\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9001\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a <code>docker<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5b9e\u4f53\u6210\u6279\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u67d0\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5728 Docker \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u7c7b\u642d\u914d\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u6b21\u5728\u6587\u6863\u770b\u5230\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u591a\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7528\u6cd5<\/p>\n<h3>\u5220\u9664\u672c\u5730\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u672c\u5730\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker image rm<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image rm [\u9009\u9879] &lt;\u955c\u50cf1&gt; [&lt;\u955c\u50cf2&gt; ...]<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u7528 ID\u3001\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u3001\u6458\u8981\u5220\u9664\u955c\u50cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>&lt;\u955c\u50cf&gt;<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f <code>\u955c\u50cf\u77ed ID<\/code>\u3001<code>\u955c\u50cf\u957f ID<\/code>\u3001<code>\u955c\u50cf\u540d<\/code> \u6216\u8005 <code>\u955c\u50cf\u6458\u8981<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">#\u77edid\n$ docker image rm 501\n#&lt;\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d&gt;:&lt;\u6807\u7b7e&gt;\n$ docker image rm centos\n$ docker image rm centos\nUntagged: centos:latest\nUntagged: centos@sha256:b2f9d1c0ff5f87a4743104d099a3d561002ac500db1b9bfa02a783a46e0d366c\nDeleted: sha256:0584b3d2cf6d235ee310cf14b54667d889887b838d3f3d3033acd70fc3c48b8a\nDeleted: sha256:97ca462ad9eeae25941546209454496e1d66749d53dfa2ee32bf1faabd239d38\n#\u955c\u50cf\u6458\u8981\n$ docker image ls --digests\n$ docker image rm node@sha256:b4f0e0bdeb578043c1ea6862f0d40cc4afe32a4a582f3be235a3b164422be228\nUntagged: node@sha256:b4f0e0bdeb578043c1ea6862f0d40cc4afe32a4a582f3be235a3b164422be228<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>Untagged \u548c Deleted<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5220\u9664\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f <code>Untagged<\/code>\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f <code>Deleted<\/code>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u662f\u5176 ID \u548c\u6458\u8981\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u5220\u9664\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u8981\u6c42\u5220\u9664\u67d0\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u5c06\u6ee1\u8db3\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6240\u6709\u955c\u50cf\u6807\u7b7e\u90fd\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684 <code>Untagged<\/code> \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e94\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6709\u522b\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 <code>Delete<\/code> \u884c\u4e3a\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u7684 <code>docker image rm<\/code> \u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5220\u9664\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u800c\u5df2<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u8be5\u955c\u50cf\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u90fd\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86\uff0c\u8be5\u955c\u50cf\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u5220\u9664\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u591a\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5220\u9664\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u4e0a\u5c42\u5411\u57fa\u7840\u5c42\u65b9\u5411\u4f9d\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u5220\u9664\u3002\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u8ba9\u955c\u50cf\u590d\u7528\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u67d0\u4e2a\u5176\u5b83\u955c\u50cf\u6b63\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f9d\u65e7\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u5c42\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5c42\u4f9d\u8d56\u5f53\u524d\u5c42\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u5c42\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u660e\u660e\u6ca1\u6709\u522b\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6307\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u8fd8\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6240\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5c42\u6570\u548c\u81ea\u5df1 <code>docker pull<\/code> \u770b\u5230\u7684\u5c42\u6570\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u539f\u56e0<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u955c\u50cf\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u5bf9\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u5bb9\u5668\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u540c\u6837\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u8bb2\u8fc7\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u4ee5\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\uff0c\u7ec4\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u6784\u53bb\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u955c\u50cf\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5220\u9664\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6545\u969c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6765\u5220\u9664\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<h4>\u7528 docker image ls \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u5408<\/h4>\n<p>\u50cf\u5176\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u627f\u63a5\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker image ls -q<\/code> \u6765\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker image rm<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u6279\u7684\u5220\u9664\u5e0c\u671b\u5220\u9664\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u201c\u955c\u50cf\u5217\u8868\u201d\u7ae0\u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u5f88\u591a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u955c\u50cf\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u8fc7\u6765\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d\u4e3a <code>redis<\/code> \u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image rm $(docker image ls -q redis)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5728 <code>mongo:3.2<\/code> \u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image rm $(docker image ls -q -f before=mongo:3.2)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u5229\u7528 commit \u7406\u89e3\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u6210<\/h3>\n<p><code>docker commit<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u9664\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u540e\u4fdd\u5b58\u73b0\u573a\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker commit<\/code> \u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6765\u5b8c\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6267\u884c <code>docker run<\/code> \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u4f1a\u6307\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run --name webserver -d -p 80:80 nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u7528 <code>nginx<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u4e3a <code>webserver<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6620\u5c04\u4e86 80 \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53bb\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>nginx<\/code> \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n<p>\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 Nginx \u6b22\u8fce\u9875\u9762<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20220328111405665.png\" alt=\"image-20220328111405665\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker exec<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u5165\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u5176\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker exec -it webserver bash\nroot@3729b97e8226:\/# echo &#039;&lt;h1&gt;Hello, Docker!&lt;\/h1&gt;&#039; &gt; \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\/index.html\nroot@3729b97e8226:\/# exit\nexit<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7ec8\u7aef\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u5165 <code>webserver<\/code> \u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u4e86 <code>bash<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684 Shell<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528 <code>&lt;h1&gt;Hello, Docker!&lt;\/h1&gt;<\/code> \u8986\u76d6\u4e86 <code>\/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\/index.html<\/code> \u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u5237\u65b0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u4e86<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20220328111420462.png\" alt=\"image-20220328111420462\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6539\u52a8\u4e86\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>docker diff<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u770b\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6539\u52a8<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker diff webserver\nC \/root\nA \/root\/.bash_history\nC \/run\nC \/usr\nC \/usr\/share\nC \/usr\/share\/nginx\nC \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\nC \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\/index.html\nC \/var\nC \/var\/cache\nC \/var\/cache\/nginx\nA \/var\/cache\/nginx\/client_temp\nA \/var\/cache\/nginx\/fastcgi_temp\nA \/var\/cache\/nginx\/proxy_temp\nA \/var\/cache\/nginx\/scgi_temp\nA \/var\/cache\/nginx\/uwsgi_temp<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Docker \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <code>docker commit<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6709\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u518d\u53e0\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\uff0c\u5e76\u6784\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u4ee5\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u539f\u6709\u5bb9\u5668\u6700\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n<p><code>docker commit<\/code> \u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">docker commit [\u9009\u9879] &lt;\u5bb9\u5668ID\u6216\u5bb9\u5668\u540d&gt; [&lt;\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d&gt;[:&lt;\u6807\u7b7e&gt;]]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5bb9\u5668\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker commit \\\n    --author &quot;Tao Wang &lt;twang2218@gmail.com&gt;&quot; \\\n    --message &quot;\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u9875&quot; \\\n    webserver \\\n    nginx:v2\nsha256:07e33465974800ce65751acc279adc6ed2dc5ed4e0838f8b86f0c87aa1795214<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d <code>--author<\/code> \u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u800c <code>--message<\/code> \u5219\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u672c\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u70b9\u548c <code>git<\/code> \u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u7559\u7a7a<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 <code>docker image ls<\/code> \u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls nginx\nREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE\nnginx               v2                  07e334659748        9 seconds ago       181.5 MB\nnginx               1.11                05a60462f8ba        12 days ago         181.5 MB\nnginx               latest              e43d811ce2f4        4 weeks ago         181.5 MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>docker history<\/code> \u5177\u4f53\u67e5\u770b\u955c\u50cf\u5185\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bd4\u8f83 <code>nginx:latest<\/code> \u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u521a\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker history nginx:v2\nIMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT\n07e334659748        54 seconds ago      nginx -g daemon off;                            95 B                \u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u9875\ne43d811ce2f4        4 weeks ago         \/bin\/sh -c #(nop)  CMD [&quot;nginx&quot; &quot;-g&quot; &quot;daemon    0 B\n&lt;missing&gt;           4 weeks ago         \/bin\/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 443\/tcp 80\/tcp        0 B\n&lt;missing&gt;           4 weeks ago         \/bin\/sh -c ln -sf \/dev\/stdout \/var\/log\/nginx\/   22 B\n&lt;missing&gt;           4 weeks ago         \/bin\/sh -c apt-key adv --keyserver hkp:\/\/pgp.   58.46 MB\n&lt;missing&gt;           4 weeks ago         \/bin\/sh -c #(nop)  ENV NGINX_VERSION=1.11.5-1   0 B\n&lt;missing&gt;           4 weeks ago         \/bin\/sh -c #(nop)  MAINTAINER NGINX Docker Ma   0 B\n&lt;missing&gt;           4 weeks ago         \/bin\/sh -c #(nop)  CMD [&quot;\/bin\/bash&quot;]            0 B\n&lt;missing&gt;           4 weeks ago         \/bin\/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:23aa4f893e3288698c   123 MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">docker run --name web2 -d -p 81:80 nginx:v2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e3a <code>web2<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6620\u5c04\u5230 <code>81<\/code> \u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8bbf\u95ee <code>http:\/\/localhost:81<\/code> \u770b\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5e94\u8be5\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684 <code>webserver<\/code> \u4e00\u6837<\/p>\n<h4>\u614e\u7528 <code>docker commit<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 <code>docker diff webserver<\/code> \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u9664\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684 <code>\/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\/index.html<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u6539\u52a8\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u8fd8\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u90a3\u4f1a\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e0\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u955c\u50cf\u6781\u4e3a\u81c3\u80bf<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker commit<\/code> \u610f\u5473\u7740\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u9ed1\u7bb1\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a <strong>\u9ed1\u7bb1\u955c\u50cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u5236\u4f5c\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u751f\u6210\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u4ece\u5f97\u77e5<\/p>\n<h3>\u4f7f\u7528 Dockerfile \u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ece <code>docker commit<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u5236\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u6240\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u65e0\u6cd5\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u900f\u660e\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u90fd\u4f1a\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u5c31\u662f Dockerfile<\/p>\n<p>Dockerfile \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u6761\u7684 <strong>\u6307\u4ee4(Instruction)<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u8be5\u5c42\u5e94\u5f53\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236 <code>nginx<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u4f8b<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u547d\u540d\u4e3a <code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ mkdir mynginx\n$ cd mynginx\n$ touch Dockerfile<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM nginx\nRUN echo &#039;&lt;h1&gt;Hello, Docker!&lt;\/h1&gt;&#039; &gt; \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\/index.html<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a Dockerfile \u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u5c31\u4e24\u884c\u3002\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e86\u4e24\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c<code>FROM<\/code> \u548c <code>RUN<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>FROM \u6307\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u6240\u8c13\u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <code>nginx<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u800c <code>FROM<\/code> \u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5b9a <strong>\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u4e2d <code>FROM<\/code> \u662f\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u73b0\u6709\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u5916\uff0cDocker \u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a <code>scratch<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u865a\u62df\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4ee5 <code>scratch<\/code> \u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6240\u5199\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u5f00\u59cb\u5b58\u5728<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u8fdb\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u7f55\u89c1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e Linux \u4e0b\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5e93\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f4\u63a5 <code>FROM scratch<\/code> \u4f1a\u8ba9\u955c\u50cf\u4f53\u79ef\u66f4\u52a0\u5c0f\u5de7\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Go\u8bed\u8a00\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5f88\u591a\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5236\u4f5c\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a Go \u662f\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5bb9\u5668\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00<\/p>\n<h4>RUN \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n<p><code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u80fd\u529b\uff0c<code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5728\u5b9a\u5236\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><em>shell<\/em> \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>RUN &lt;\u547d\u4ee4&gt;<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u521a\u624d\u5199\u7684 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u7684 <code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">RUN echo '<h1>Hello, Docker!<\/h1>' > \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\/index.html<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><em>exec<\/em> \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>RUN [&quot;\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&quot;, &quot;\u53c2\u65701&quot;, &quot;\u53c2\u65702&quot;]<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136 <code>RUN<\/code> \u5c31\u50cf Shell \u811a\u672c\u4e00\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf Shell \u811a\u672c\u4e00\u6837\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a RUN \u5462\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM debian:stretch\n\nRUN apt-get update\nRUN apt-get install -y gcc libc6-dev make wget\nRUN wget -O redis.tar.gz &quot;http:\/\/download.redis.io\/releases\/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz&quot;\nRUN mkdir -p \/usr\/src\/redis\nRUN tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C \/usr\/src\/redis --strip-components=1\nRUN make -C \/usr\/src\/redis\nRUN make -C \/usr\/src\/redis install<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Dockerfile \u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u90fd\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c<code>RUN<\/code> \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a <code>RUN<\/code> \u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c31\u548c\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u5de5\u5efa\u7acb\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\uff1a\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c<code>commit<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e86 7 \u5c42\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f88\u591a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u88c5\u8fdb\u4e86\u955c\u50cf\u91cc\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u4ea7\u751f\u975e\u5e38\u81c3\u80bf\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u5c42\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6784\u5efa\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519<\/p>\n<p>Union FS \u662f\u6709\u6700\u5927\u5c42\u6570\u9650\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 AUFS\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u6700\u5927\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc7 42 \u5c42\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u4e0d\u5f97\u8d85\u8fc7 127 \u5c42<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM debian:stretch\n\nRUN set -x; buildDeps=&#039;gcc libc6-dev make wget&#039; \\\n    &amp;&amp; apt-get update \\\n    &amp;&amp; apt-get install -y $buildDeps \\\n    &amp;&amp; wget -O redis.tar.gz &quot;http:\/\/download.redis.io\/releases\/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz&quot; \\\n    &amp;&amp; mkdir -p \/usr\/src\/redis \\\n    &amp;&amp; tar -xzf redis.tar.gz -C \/usr\/src\/redis --strip-components=1 \\\n    &amp;&amp; make -C \/usr\/src\/redis \\\n    &amp;&amp; make -C \/usr\/src\/redis install \\\n    &amp;&amp; rm -rf \/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/* \\\n    &amp;&amp; rm redis.tar.gz \\\n    &amp;&amp; rm -r \/usr\/src\/redis \\\n    &amp;&amp; apt-get purge -y --auto-remove $buildDeps<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec4\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u6e05\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u6784\u5efa\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6e05\u7406\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u6e05\u7406\u4e86 <code>apt<\/code> \u7f13\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u591a\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c42\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u8ddf\u968f\u7740\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u53ea\u6dfb\u52a0\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u6e05\u7406\u6389<\/p>\n<h4>\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker build -t nginx:v3 .\nSending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB\nStep 1 : FROM nginx\n ---&gt; e43d811ce2f4\nStep 2 : RUN echo &#039;&lt;h1&gt;Hello, Docker!&lt;\/h1&gt;&#039; &gt; \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html\/index.html\n ---&gt; Running in 9cdc27646c7b\n ---&gt; 44aa4490ce2c\nRemoving intermediate container 9cdc27646c7b\nSuccessfully built 44aa4490ce2c<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u770b\u5230\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728 <code>Step 2<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c<code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668 <code>9cdc27646c7b<\/code>\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u540e\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42 <code>44aa4490ce2c<\/code>\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u6240\u7528\u5230\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668 <code>9cdc27646c7b<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528<code>docker build<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">docker build [\u9009\u9879] &lt;\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\/URL\/-&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u6700\u7ec8\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u540d\u79f0 <code>-t nginx:v3<\/code>\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd0\u884c <code>nginx:v2<\/code> \u90a3\u6837\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u548c <code>nginx:v2<\/code> \u4e00\u6837<\/p>\n<h4>\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff08Context\uff09<\/h4>\n<p><code>docker build<\/code> \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002Docker \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5206\u4e3a Docker \u5f15\u64ce\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5de5\u5177\u3002Docker \u7684\u5f15\u64ce\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4 REST API\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aDocker Remote API\uff0c\u800c\u5982 <code>docker<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7ec4 API \u4e0e Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u672c\u673a\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd <code>docker<\/code> \u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff08Docker \u5f15\u64ce\uff09\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd C\/S \u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u53d8\u5f97\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5b9a\u5236\u90fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7 <code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u8fdb\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u901a\u8fc7 <code>COPY<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u3001<code>ADD<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7b49\u3002\u800c <code>docker build<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u975e\u5728\u672c\u5730\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\/\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u83b7\u5f97\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5f53\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c<code>docker build<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5f97\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0a\u4f20\u7ed9 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u8fd9\u6837 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u5c31\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">COPY .\/package.json \/app\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u590d\u5236\u6267\u884c <code>docker build<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 <code>package.json<\/code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u590d\u5236 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 <code>package.json<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u590d\u5236 <strong>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff08context\uff09<\/strong> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 <code>package.json<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u89c2\u5bdf <code>docker build<\/code> \u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5176\u5b9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker build -t nginx:v3 .\nSending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u5c06 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6ca1\u6709\u6240\u9700\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u6240\u9700\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4efd\u8fc7\u6765\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u4f20\u7ed9 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>.gitignore<\/code> \u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a <code>.dockerignore<\/code>\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5254\u9664\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u7684<\/p>\n<p><code>.<\/code> \u662f\u6307\u5b9a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u989d\u5916\u6307\u5b9a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u540d\u4e3a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a Dockerfile<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a <code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e76\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>-f ..\/Dockerfile.php<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>Dockerfile<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>\u5176\u5b83 <code>docker build<\/code> \u7684\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<h5>\u76f4\u63a5\u7528 Git repo \u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa<\/h5>\n<p><code>docker build<\/code> \u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u4ece URL \u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece Git repo \u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\"># $env:DOCKER_BUILDKIT=0\n# export DOCKER_BUILDKIT=0\n\n$ docker build -t hello-world https:\/\/github.com\/docker-library\/hello-world.git#master:amd64\/hello-world\n\nStep 1\/3 : FROM scratch\n ---&gt;\nStep 2\/3 : COPY hello \/\n ---&gt; ac779757d46e\nStep 3\/3 : CMD [&quot;\/hello&quot;]\n ---&gt; Running in d2a513a760ed\nRemoving intermediate container d2a513a760ed\n ---&gt; 038ad4142d2b\nSuccessfully built 038ad4142d2b<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u6784\u5efa\u6240\u9700\u7684 Git repo\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u652f\u4e3a <code>master<\/code>\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a <code>\/amd64\/hello-world\/<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e Docker \u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb <code>git clone<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u3001\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u652f\u3001\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa<\/p>\n<h5>\u7528\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684 tar \u538b\u7f29\u5305\u6784\u5efa<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker build http:\/\/server\/context.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6240\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684 URL \u4e0d\u662f\u4e2a Git repo\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e2a <code>tar<\/code> \u538b\u7f29\u5305\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa<\/p>\n<h5>\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6 Dockerfile \u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">docker build - &lt; Dockerfile<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6216<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">cat Dockerfile | docker build -<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u662f\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a <code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7531\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6 Dockerfile \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u90a3\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6 <code>COPY<\/code> \u8fdb\u955c\u50cf\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5<\/p>\n<h5>\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker build - &lt; context.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u662f <code>gzip<\/code>\u3001<code>bzip2<\/code> \u4ee5\u53ca <code>xz<\/code> \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5176\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u538b\u7f29\u5305\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u5c06\u91cc\u9762\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa<\/p>\n<h3>Dockerfile \u6307\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/h3>\n<h4>COPY \u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">#\u683c\u5f0f\nCOPY [--chown=&lt;user&gt;:&lt;group&gt;] &lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f84&gt;... &lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;\nCOPY [--chown=&lt;user&gt;:&lt;group&gt;] [&quot;&lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f841&gt;&quot;,... &quot;&lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;&quot;]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u548c <code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n<p><code>COPY<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u4ece\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d <code>&lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55\u590d\u5236\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5185\u7684 <code>&lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code> \u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">COPY package.json \/usr\/src\/app\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>&lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u89c4\u5219\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3 Go \u7684filepath.Match\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">COPY hom* \/mydir\/\nCOPY hom?.txt \/mydir\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>&lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff08\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>WORKDIR<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\uff09\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u5728\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u524d\u5148\u884c\u521b\u5efa\u7f3a\u5931\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>COPY<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5143\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u955c\u50cf\u5b9a\u5236\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Git \u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u5019<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e0a <code>--chown=&lt;user&gt;:&lt;group&gt;<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u53ca\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">COPY --chown=55:mygroup files* \/mydir\/\nCOPY --chown=bin files* \/mydir\/\nCOPY --chown=1 files* \/mydir\/\nCOPY --chown=10:11 files* \/mydir\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6e90\u8def\u5f84\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u590d\u5236\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<h4>ADD \u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<p><code>ADD<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u548c <code>COPY<\/code> \u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u6027\u8d28\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728 <code>COPY<\/code> \u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982 <code>&lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a <code>URL<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cDocker \u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u53bb\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230 <code>&lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code> \u53bb\u3002\u4e0b\u8f7d\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>600<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u5c42 <code>RUN<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u9650\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u662f\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u5305\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u5c42 <code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5982\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 <code>wget<\/code> \u6216\u8005 <code>curl<\/code> \u5de5\u5177\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u6743\u9650\u3001\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u7136\u540e\u6e05\u7406\u65e0\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u5408\u7406\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5176\u5b9e\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c <code>&lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code> \u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a <code>tar<\/code> \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a <code>gzip<\/code>, <code>bzip2<\/code> \u4ee5\u53ca <code>xz<\/code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c<code>ADD<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u8fd9\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u5230 <code>&lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code> \u53bb<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u7684\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u590d\u5236\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u53bb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ADD<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 <code>COPY<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a <code>COPY<\/code> \u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u5f88\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u800c <code>ADD<\/code> \u5219\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f88\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u6700\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ADD<\/code> \u7684\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u63d0\u53ca\u7684\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u573a\u5408<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c<code>ADD<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4f1a\u4ee4\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ee4\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u53d8\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u7f13\u6162<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5728 <code>COPY<\/code> \u548c <code>ADD<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u5747\u4f7f\u7528 <code>COPY<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ec5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u573a\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ADD<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u4e0a <code>--chown=&lt;user&gt;:&lt;group&gt;<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u53ca\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">ADD --chown=55:mygroup files* \/mydir\/\nADD --chown=bin files* \/mydir\/\nADD --chown=1 files* \/mydir\/\nADD --chown=10:11 files* \/mydir\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>CMD\u5bb9\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<p><code>CMD<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c <code>RUN<\/code> \u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>shell \u683c\u5f0f\uff1aCMD &lt;\u547d\u4ee4&gt;\nexec \u683c\u5f0f\uff1aCMD [&quot;\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&quot;, &quot;\u53c2\u65701&quot;, &quot;\u53c2\u65702&quot;...]\n\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u683c\u5f0f\uff1aCMD [&quot;\u53c2\u65701&quot;, &quot;\u53c2\u65702&quot;...]\u3002\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 ENTRYPOINT \u6307\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u7528 CMD \u6307\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Docker \u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u6240\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u53c2\u6570\u3002<code>CMD<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u955c\u50cf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c<code>ubuntu<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 <code>CMD<\/code> \u662f <code>\/bin\/bash<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5 <code>docker run -it ubuntu<\/code> \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165 <code>bash<\/code>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u522b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982 <code>docker run -it ubuntu cat \/etc\/os-release<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7528 <code>cat \/etc\/os-release<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u66ff\u6362\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 <code>\/bin\/bash<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u4e86\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6307\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 <code>exec<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u683c\u5f0f\u5728\u89e3\u6790\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a JSON \u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7 <code>&quot;<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>shell<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u88ab\u5305\u88c5\u4e3a <code>sh -c<\/code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">CMD echo $HOME<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u53d8\u66f4\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">CMD [ &quot;sh&quot;, &quot;-c&quot;, &quot;echo $HOME&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u88ab shell \u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<p>Docker \u4e0d\u662f\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u524d\u53f0\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u865a\u62df\u673a\u3001\u7269\u7406\u673a\u91cc\u9762\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u7528 <code>systemd<\/code> \u53bb\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u8f85\u52a9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>service nginx start<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5e0c\u671b upstart \u6765\u4ee5\u540e\u53f0\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f62\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8 <code>nginx<\/code> \u670d\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u521a\u624d\u8bf4\u4e86 <code>CMD service nginx start<\/code> \u4f1a\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a <code>CMD [ &quot;sh&quot;, &quot;-c&quot;, &quot;service nginx start&quot;]<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f <code>sh<\/code>\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53 <code>service nginx start<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c<code>sh<\/code> \u4e5f\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\uff0c<code>sh<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ee4\u5bb9\u5668\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c <code>nginx<\/code> \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u4ee5\u524d\u53f0\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">CMD [&quot;nginx&quot;, &quot;-g&quot;, &quot;daemon off;&quot;]<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>ENTRYPOINT \u5165\u53e3\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p><code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c <code>RUN<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a <code>exec<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u548c <code>shell<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p><code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c <code>CMD<\/code> \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u5bb9\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u53c2\u6570\u3002<code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6bd4 <code>CMD<\/code> \u8981\u7565\u663e\u7e41\u7410\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 <code>docker run<\/code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570 <code>--entrypoint<\/code> \u6765\u6307\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u540e\uff0c<code>CMD<\/code> \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u5176\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06 <code>CMD<\/code> \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u7ed9 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">&lt;ENTRYPOINT&gt; &quot;&lt;CMD&gt;&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u4e86 <code>CMD<\/code> \u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u6709 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u79cd <code>&lt;ENTRYPOINT&gt; &quot;&lt;CMD&gt;&quot;<\/code> \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u5904\u4e48\uff1f\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u51e0\u4e2a\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<h4>\u573a\u666f\u4e00\uff1a\u8ba9\u955c\u50cf\u53d8\u6210\u50cf\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f97\u77e5\u81ea\u5df1\u5f53\u524d\u516c\u7f51 IP \u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u7528 <code>CMD<\/code> \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM ubuntu:18.04\nRUN apt-get update \\\n    &amp;&amp; apt-get install -y curl \\\n    &amp;&amp; rm -rf \/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/*\nCMD [ &quot;curl&quot;, &quot;-s&quot;, &quot;http:\/\/myip.ipip.net&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5047\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker build -t myip .<\/code> \u6765\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u516c\u7f51 IP\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run myip\n\u5f53\u524d IP\uff1a61.148.226.66 \u6765\u81ea\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5e02 \u8054\u901a<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e48\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u597d\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u955c\u50cf\u5f53\u505a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u603b\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\u5462\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 <code>CMD<\/code> \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5b9e\u8d28\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f <code>curl<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u663e\u793a HTTP \u5934\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a <code>-i<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0 <code>-i<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u7ed9 <code>docker run myip<\/code> \u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run myip -i\ndocker: Error response from daemon: invalid header field value &quot;oci runtime error: container_linux.go:247: starting container process caused \\&quot;exec: \\\\\\&quot;-i\\\\\\&quot;: executable file not found in $PATH\\&quot;\\n&quot;.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u62a5\u9519\uff0c<code>executable file not found<\/code>\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u8ddf\u5728\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u540e\u9762\u7684\u662f <code>command<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u66ff\u6362 <code>CMD<\/code> \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>-i<\/code> \u66ff\u6362\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684 <code>CMD<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6dfb\u52a0\u5728\u539f\u6765\u7684 <code>curl -s http:\/\/myip.ipip.net<\/code> \u540e\u9762\u3002\u800c <code>-i<\/code> \u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u627e\u4e0d\u5230<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u52a0\u5165 <code>-i<\/code> \u8fd9\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run myip curl -s http:\/\/myip.ipip.net -i<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u65b0\u7528 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM ubuntu:18.04\nRUN apt-get update \\\n    &amp;&amp; apt-get install -y curl \\\n    &amp;&amp; rm -rf \/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/*\nENTRYPOINT [ &quot;curl&quot;, &quot;-s&quot;, &quot;http:\/\/myip.ipip.net&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker run myip -i<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run myip\n\u5f53\u524d IP\uff1a61.148.226.66 \u6765\u81ea\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5e02 \u8054\u901a\n\n$ docker run myip -i\nHTTP\/1.1 200 OK\nServer: nginx\/1.8.0\nDate: Tue, 22 Nov 2022 02:12:40 GMT\nContent-Type: text\/html; charset=UTF-8\nVary: Accept-Encoding\nX-Powered-By: PHP\/5.6.24-1~dotdeb+7.1\nX-Cache: MISS from cache-2\nX-Cache-Lookup: MISS from cache-2:80\nX-Cache: MISS from proxy-2_6\nTransfer-Encoding: chunked\nVia: 1.1 cache-2:80, 1.1 proxy-2_6:8006\nConnection: keep-alive\n\n\u5f53\u524d IP\uff1a61.148.226.66 \u6765\u81ea\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5e02 \u8054\u901a<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u6210\u529f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u5b58\u5728 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u540e\uff0c<code>CMD<\/code> \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u7ed9 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u91cc <code>-i<\/code> \u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u7684 <code>CMD<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u7ed9 <code>curl<\/code>\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u9884\u671f\u7684\u6548\u679c<\/p>\n<h4>\u573a\u666f\u4e8c\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u8fd0\u884c\u524d\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<p>\u542f\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u542f\u52a8\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982 <code>mysql<\/code> \u7c7b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8981\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u7684 mysql \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u89e3\u51b3<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5e0c\u671b\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>root<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u53bb\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u524d\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4ee5 <code>root<\/code> \u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5207\u6362\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u6216\u8005\u9664\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u547d\u4ee4\u4f9d\u65e7\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>root<\/code> \u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8c03\u8bd5\u7b49<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u548c\u5bb9\u5668 <code>CMD<\/code> \u65e0\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba <code>CMD<\/code> \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u653e\u5165 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u4e2d\u53bb\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u4f1a\u5c06\u63a5\u5230\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>&lt;CMD&gt;<\/code>\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u811a\u672c\u6700\u540e\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf <code>redis<\/code> \u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM alpine:3.4\n...\nRUN addgroup -S redis &amp;&amp; adduser -S -G redis redis\n...\nENTRYPOINT [&quot;docker-entrypoint.sh&quot;]\n\nEXPOSE 6379\nCMD [ &quot;redis-server&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4e86 redis \u670d\u52a1\u521b\u5efa\u4e86 redis \u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6700\u540e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u4e3a <code>docker-entrypoint.sh<\/code> \u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">#!\/bin\/sh\n...\n# allow the container to be started with `--user`\nif [ &quot;$1&quot; = &#039;redis-server&#039; -a &quot;$(id -u)&quot; = &#039;0&#039; ]; then\n    find . \\! -user redis -exec chown redis &#039;{}&#039; +\n    exec gosu redis &quot;$0&quot; &quot;$@&quot;\nfi\n\nexec &quot;$@&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8be5\u811a\u672c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\u6839\u636e <code>CMD<\/code> \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f <code>redis-server<\/code> \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5219\u5207\u6362\u5230 <code>redis<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f9d\u65e7\u4f7f\u7528 <code>root<\/code> \u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run -it redis id\nuid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>ENV \u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">ENV &lt;key&gt; &lt;value&gt;\nENV &lt;key1&gt;=&lt;value1&gt; &lt;key2&gt;=&lt;value2&gt;...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982 <code>RUN<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u91cc\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">ENV VERSION=1.0 DEBUG=on \\\n    NAME=&quot;Happy Feet&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u6362\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u542b\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u503c\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u548c Shell \u4e0b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u5b98\u65b9 <code>node<\/code> \u955c\u50cf <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">ENV NODE_VERSION 7.2.0\n\nRUN curl -SLO &quot;https:\/\/nodejs.org\/dist\/v$NODE_VERSION\/node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-x64.tar.xz&quot; \\\n  &amp;&amp; curl -SLO &quot;https:\/\/nodejs.org\/dist\/v$NODE_VERSION\/SHASUMS256.txt.asc&quot; \\\n  &amp;&amp; gpg --batch --decrypt --output SHASUMS256.txt SHASUMS256.txt.asc \\\n  &amp;&amp; grep &quot; node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-x64.tar.xz\\$&quot; SHASUMS256.txt | sha256sum -c - \\\n  &amp;&amp; tar -xJf &quot;node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-x64.tar.xz&quot; -C \/usr\/local --strip-components=1 \\\n  &amp;&amp; rm &quot;node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-x64.tar.xz&quot; SHASUMS256.txt.asc SHASUMS256.txt \\\n  &amp;&amp; ln -s \/usr\/local\/bin\/node \/usr\/local\/bin\/nodejs<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf <code>NODE_VERSION<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u540e\u7684 <code>RUN<\/code> \u8fd9\u5c42\u91cc\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528 <code>$NODE_VERSION<\/code> \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u5236\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u5347\u7ea7\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u7248\u672c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0 <code>7.2.0<\/code> \u5373\u53ef\uff0c<code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6784\u5efa\u7ef4\u62a4\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u5217\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5c55\u5f00\uff1a <code>ADD<\/code>\u3001<code>COPY<\/code>\u3001<code>ENV<\/code>\u3001<code>EXPOSE<\/code>\u3001<code>FROM<\/code>\u3001<code>LABEL<\/code>\u3001<code>USER<\/code>\u3001<code>WORKDIR<\/code>\u3001<code>VOLUME<\/code>\u3001<code>STOPSIGNAL<\/code>\u3001<code>ONBUILD<\/code>\u3001<code>RUN<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\u91cc\u611f\u89c9\u5230\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4e00\u4efd <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u5236\u4f5c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n<h3>ARG \u6784\u5efa\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>ARG &lt;\u53c2\u6570\u540d&gt;[=&lt;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c&gt;]<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u53c2\u6570\u548c <code>ENV<\/code> \u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c<code>ARG<\/code> \u6240\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u5c06\u6765\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ARG<\/code> \u4fdd\u5b58\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a <code>docker history<\/code> \u8fd8\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u503c\u7684<\/p>\n<p><code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684 <code>ARG<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u53c2\u6570\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4 <code>docker build<\/code> \u4e2d\u7528 <code>--build-arg &lt;\u53c2\u6570\u540d&gt;=&lt;\u503c&gt;<\/code> \u6765\u8986\u76d6<\/p>\n<p>\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ARG<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539 Dockerfile \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<p>ARG \u6307\u4ee4\u6709\u751f\u6548\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728 <code>FROM<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e <code>FROM<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">ARG DOCKER_USERNAME=library\nFROM ${DOCKER_USERNAME}\/alpine\nRUN set -x ; echo ${DOCKER_USERNAME}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0 Dockerfile \u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f93\u51fa <code>${DOCKER_USERNAME}<\/code> \u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 <code>FROM<\/code> \u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u6307\u5b9a <code>ARG<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\"># \u53ea\u5728 FROM \u4e2d\u751f\u6548\nARG DOCKER_USERNAME=library\nFROM ${DOCKER_USERNAME}\/alpine\n# \u8981\u60f3\u5728 FROM \u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u518d\u6b21\u6307\u5b9a\nARG DOCKER_USERNAME=library\nRUN set -x ; echo ${DOCKER_USERNAME}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\"># \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a FROM \u4e2d\u90fd\u751f\u6548\nARG DOCKER_USERNAME=library\nFROM ${DOCKER_USERNAME}\/alpine\nRUN set -x ; echo 1\nFROM ${DOCKER_USERNAME}\/alpine\nRUN set -x ; echo 2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0 Dockerfile \u4e24\u4e2a <code>FROM<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>${DOCKER_USERNAME}<\/code>\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">ARG DOCKER_USERNAME=library\nFROM ${DOCKER_USERNAME}\/alpine\n# \u5728FROM \u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\nARG DOCKER_USERNAME=library\nRUN set -x ; echo ${DOCKER_USERNAME}\nFROM ${DOCKER_USERNAME}\/alpine\n# \u5728FROM \u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\nARG DOCKER_USERNAME=library\nRUN set -x ; echo ${DOCKER_USERNAME}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>VOLUME \u5b9a\u4e49\u533f\u540d\u5377<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">VOLUME [&quot;&lt;\u8def\u5f841&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;\u8def\u5f842&gt;&quot;...]\nVOLUME &lt;\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u6301\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u4e0d\u53d1\u751f\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e8e\u5377(volume)\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7528\u6237\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5c06\u52a8\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u4fdd\u5b58\u76ee\u5f55\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u5377\uff0c\u5728 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e8b\u5148\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u533f\u540d\u5377\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u5199\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">VOLUME \/data<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>\/data<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u4e3a\u533f\u540d\u5377\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5411 <code>\/data<\/code> \u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fdb\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5bb9\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u7684\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u5316\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run -d -v mydata:\/data xxxx<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 <code>mydata<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u540d\u5377\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u4e86 <code>\/data<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u533f\u540d\u5377\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<h3>EXPOSE \u66b4\u9732\u7aef\u53e3<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a <code>EXPOSE &lt;\u7aef\u53e31&gt; [&lt;\u7aef\u53e32&gt;...]<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>EXPOSE<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u58f0\u660e\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\u5e94\u7528\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f00\u542f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5728 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u955c\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u914d\u7f6e\u6620\u5c04\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u5904\u5219\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f <code>docker run -P<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u968f\u673a\u6620\u5c04 <code>EXPOSE<\/code> \u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u5c06 <code>EXPOSE<\/code> \u548c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 <code>-p &lt;\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7aef\u53e3&gt;:&lt;\u5bb9\u5668\u7aef\u53e3&gt;<\/code> \u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002<code>-p<\/code>\uff0c\u662f\u6620\u5c04\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u7aef\u53e3\u670d\u52a1\u516c\u5f00\u7ed9\u5916\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u800c <code>EXPOSE<\/code> \u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u58f0\u660e\u5bb9\u5668\u6253\u7b97\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u7aef\u53e3\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04<\/p>\n<h3>WORKDIR \u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a <code>WORKDIR &lt;\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84&gt;<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>WORKDIR<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u6216\u8005\u79f0\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u5404\u5c42\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u88ab\u6539\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c<code>WORKDIR<\/code> \u4f1a\u5e2e\u4f60\u5efa\u7acb\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>\u628a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e Shell \u811a\u672c\u6765\u4e66\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">RUN cd \/app\nRUN echo &quot;hello&quot; &gt; world.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 <code>\/app\/world.txt<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u662f <code>hello<\/code>\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5176\u5b9e\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5728 Shell \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u884c\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u800c\u5728 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u884c <code>RUN<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6784\u5efa\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a <code>RUN<\/code> \u90fd\u662f\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u7136\u540e\u63d0\u4ea4\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u66f4\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42 <code>RUN cd \/app<\/code> \u7684\u6267\u884c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u66f4\u3002\u800c\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u8ddf\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u66f4\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7ee7\u627f\u524d\u4e00\u5c42\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u4ee5\u540e\u5404\u5c42\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>WORKDIR<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">WORKDIR \/app\nRUN echo &quot;hello&quot; &gt; world.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684 <code>WORKDIR<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u5207\u6362\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 <code>WORKDIR<\/code> \u6709\u5173\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">WORKDIR \/a\nWORKDIR b\nWORKDIR c\nRUN pwd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>RUN pwd<\/code> \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a <code>\/a\/b\/c<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>USER \u6307\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>USER &lt;\u7528\u6237\u540d&gt;[:&lt;\u7528\u6237\u7ec4&gt;]<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>USER<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u548c <code>WORKDIR<\/code> \u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u73af\u5883\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5f71\u54cd\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5c42\u3002<code>WORKDIR<\/code> \u662f\u6539\u53d8\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c<code>USER<\/code> \u5219\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u4e4b\u540e\u5c42\u7684\u6267\u884c <code>RUN<\/code>, <code>CMD<\/code> \u4ee5\u53ca <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u8fd9\u7c7b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8eab\u4efd<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c<code>USER<\/code> \u53ea\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5207\u6362\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e8b\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u5207\u6362<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">RUN groupadd -r redis &amp;&amp; useradd -r -g redis redis\nUSER redis\nRUN [ &quot;redis-server&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4ee5 <code>root<\/code> \u6267\u884c\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u6267\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u5e0c\u671b\u6539\u53d8\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u67d0\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>su<\/code> \u6216\u8005 <code>sudo<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728 TTY \u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528gosu<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\"># \u5efa\u7acb redis \u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 gosu \u6362\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\nRUN groupadd -r redis &amp;&amp; useradd -r -g redis redis\n# \u4e0b\u8f7d gosu\nRUN wget -O \/usr\/local\/bin\/gosu &quot;https:\/\/github.com\/tianon\/gosu\/releases\/download\/1.12\/gosu-amd64&quot; \\\n    &amp;&amp; chmod +x \/usr\/local\/bin\/gosu \\\n    &amp;&amp; gosu nobody true\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e CMD\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\nCMD [ &quot;exec&quot;, &quot;gosu&quot;, &quot;redis&quot;, &quot;redis-server&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>HEALTHCHECK \u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">HEALTHCHECK [\u9009\u9879] CMD &lt;\u547d\u4ee4&gt;\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u68c0\u67e5\u5bb9\u5668\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\nHEALTHCHECK NONE\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u6709\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c4f\u853d\u6389\u5176\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u6307\u4ee4<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>HEALTHCHECK<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u544a\u8bc9 Docker \u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f Docker 1.12 \u5f15\u5165\u7684\u65b0\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6ca1\u6709 <code>HEALTHCHECK<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u524d\uff0cDocker \u5f15\u64ce\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u9000\u51fa\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u5426\u72b6\u6001\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u5165\u6b7b\u9501\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8be5\u5bb9\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u4e86\u3002\u5728 1.12 \u4ee5\u524d\uff0cDocker \u4e0d\u4f1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u5bb9\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u4e86\u5374\u8fd8\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u81ea 1.12 \u4e4b\u540e\uff0cDocker \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>HEALTHCHECK<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u8fd9\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5bb9\u5668\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6bd4\u8f83\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u5bb9\u5668\u5b9e\u9645\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 <code>HEALTHCHECK<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u5176\u542f\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4f1a\u4e3a <code>starting<\/code>\uff0c\u5728 <code>HEALTHCHECK<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u6210\u529f\u540e\u53d8\u4e3a <code>healthy<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fde\u7eed\u4e00\u5b9a\u6b21\u6570\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3a <code>unhealthy<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>HEALTHCHECK<\/code> \u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u5217\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">--interval=&lt;\u95f4\u9694&gt;\uff1a\u4e24\u6b21\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 30 \u79d2\uff1b\n--timeout=&lt;\u65f6\u957f&gt;\uff1a\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u672c\u6b21\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u5c31\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 30 \u79d2\uff1b\n--retries=&lt;\u6b21\u6570&gt;\uff1a\u5f53\u8fde\u7eed\u5931\u8d25\u6307\u5b9a\u6b21\u6570\u540e\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5bb9\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u89c6\u4e3a unhealthy\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 3 \u6b21\uff1b<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u548c CMD, ENTRYPOINT \u4e00\u6837\uff0cHEALTHCHECK \u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5199\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6548<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 <code>HEALTHCHECK [\u9009\u9879] CMD<\/code> \u540e\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u548c <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a <code>shell<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u548c <code>exec<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8be5\u6b21\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u5426\uff1a<code>0<\/code>\uff1a\u6210\u529f\uff1b<code>1<\/code>\uff1a\u5931\u8d25\uff1b<code>2<\/code>\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u4e2a\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u589e\u52a0\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5176 Web \u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>curl<\/code> \u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5176 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u7684 <code>HEALTHCHECK<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM nginx\nRUN apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install -y curl &amp;&amp; rm -rf \/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/*\nHEALTHCHECK --interval=5s --timeout=3s \\\n  CMD curl -fs http:\/\/localhost\/ || exit 1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u6bcf 5 \u79d2\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21\uff08\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6240\u4ee5\u95f4\u9694\u975e\u5e38\u77ed\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u8be5\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u957f\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u8d85\u8fc7 3 \u79d2\u6ca1\u54cd\u5e94\u5c31\u89c6\u4e3a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528 <code>curl -fs http:\/\/localhost\/ || exit 1<\/code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker build<\/code> \u6765\u6784\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker build -t myweb:v1 .<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u4e86\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run -d --name web -p 80:80 myweb:v1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u955c\u50cf\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>docker container ls<\/code> \u770b\u5230\u6700\u521d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a <code>(health: starting)<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker container ls\nCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                            PORTS               NAMES\n03e28eb00bd0        myweb:v1            &quot;nginx -g &#039;daemon off&quot;   3 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds (health: starting)   80\/tcp, 443\/tcp     web<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u51e0\u79d2\u949f\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6b21 <code>docker container ls<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a\u4e86 <code>(healthy)<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker container ls\nCONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                    PORTS               NAMES\n03e28eb00bd0        myweb:v1            &quot;nginx -g &#039;daemon off&quot;   18 seconds ago      Up 16 seconds (healthy)   80\/tcp, 443\/tcp     web<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u8fde\u7eed\u5931\u8d25\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3a <code>(unhealthy)<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u6392\u969c\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u5305\u62ec <code>stdout<\/code> \u4ee5\u53ca <code>stderr<\/code>\uff09\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u4e8e\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001\u91cc\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>docker inspect<\/code> \u6765\u67e5\u770b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker inspect --format &#039;{{json .State.Health}}&#039; web | python -m json.tool\n{\n    &quot;FailingStreak&quot;: 0,\n    &quot;Log&quot;: [\n        {\n            &quot;End&quot;: &quot;2016-11-25T14:35:37.940957051Z&quot;,\n            &quot;ExitCode&quot;: 0,\n            &quot;Output&quot;: &quot;&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;\\n&lt;html&gt;\\n&lt;head&gt;\\n&lt;title&gt;Welcome to nginx!&lt;\/title&gt;\\n&lt;style&gt;\\n    body {\\n        width: 35em;\\n        margin: 0 auto;\\n        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;\\n    }\\n&lt;\/style&gt;\\n&lt;\/head&gt;\\n&lt;body&gt;\\n&lt;h1&gt;Welcome to nginx!&lt;\/h1&gt;\\n&lt;p&gt;If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and\\nworking. Further configuration is required.&lt;\/p&gt;\\n\\n&lt;p&gt;For online documentation and support please refer to\\n&lt;a href=\\&quot;http:\/\/nginx.org\/\\&quot;&gt;nginx.org&lt;\/a&gt;.&lt;br\/&gt;\\nCommercial support is available at\\n&lt;a href=\\&quot;http:\/\/nginx.com\/\\&quot;&gt;nginx.com&lt;\/a&gt;.&lt;\/p&gt;\\n\\n&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Thank you for using nginx.&lt;\/em&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\\n&lt;\/body&gt;\\n&lt;\/html&gt;\\n&quot;,\n            &quot;Start&quot;: &quot;2016-11-25T14:35:37.780192565Z&quot;\n        }\n    ],\n    &quot;Status&quot;: &quot;healthy&quot;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>ONBUILD \u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f5c\u5ac1\u8863\u88f3<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>ONBUILD &lt;\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u4ee4&gt;<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>ONBUILD<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7684\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>RUN<\/code>, <code>COPY<\/code> \u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4ee5\u5f53\u524d\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53bb\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM node:slim\nRUN mkdir \/app\nWORKDIR \/app\nCOPY .\/package.json \/app\nRUN [ &quot;npm&quot;, &quot;install&quot; ]\nCOPY . \/app\/\nCMD [ &quot;npm&quot;, &quot;start&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u653e\u5230 Node.js \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u955c\u50cf\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u62ff\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a Node.js \u9879\u76ee\u4e5f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u5462\uff1f\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u518d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u590d\u5236\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\u3002\u90a3\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5462\uff1f\u518d\u590d\u5236\u4e48\uff1f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u526f\u672c\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u5c31\u8d8a\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u770b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u573a\u666f\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Node.js \u9879\u76ee\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u91cc\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6572\u9519\u5b57\u4e86\u3001\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5462\uff1f\u867d\u7136\u6700\u521d <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u662f\u590d\u5236\u3001\u7c98\u8d34\u81ea\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684 <code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u4fee\u590d<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5404\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u6837\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e0d\u7528\u540c\u6b65 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u5efa\u540e\u5c31\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\uff1f\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM node:slim\nRUN mkdir \/app\nWORKDIR \/app\nCMD [ &quot;npm&quot;, &quot;start&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u53d8\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e48\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u51c6\u786e\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u5462\uff1f\u6bd4\u5982 <code>npm install<\/code> \u90fd\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c <code>RUN<\/code> \u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u653e\u5165\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u9879\u76ee\u7684 <code>.\/package.json<\/code>\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u53c8\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4fee\u6539\u4e48\uff1f\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5236\u4f5c\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53ea\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u7684\u524d4\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u9762\u4e09\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<p><code>ONBUILD<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7528 <code>ONBUILD<\/code> \u91cd\u65b0\u5199\u4e00\u4e0b\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684 <code>Dockerfile<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM node:slim\nRUN mkdir \/app\nWORKDIR \/app\nONBUILD COPY .\/package.json \/app\nONBUILD RUN [ &quot;npm&quot;, &quot;install&quot; ]\nONBUILD COPY . \/app\/\nCMD [ &quot;npm&quot;, &quot;start&quot; ]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u7684 <code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6b21\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u52a0\u4e0a <code>ONBUILD<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u884c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5404\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7684 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u5730\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM my-node<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u884c\u7684 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u90a3\u4e09\u884c <code>ONBUILD<\/code> \u5c31\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u5236\u8fdb\u955c\u50cf\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u9488\u5bf9\u672c\u9879\u76ee\u6267\u884c <code>npm install<\/code>\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5e94\u7528\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<h3>LABEL \u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<p><code>LABEL<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u7ed9\u955c\u50cf\u4ee5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff08metadata\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">LABEL &lt;key&gt;=&lt;value&gt; &lt;key&gt;=&lt;value&gt; &lt;key&gt;=&lt;value&gt; ...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\u6765\u7533\u660e\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u6587\u6863\u5730\u5740\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">LABEL org.opencontainers.image.authors=&quot;yeasy&quot;\nLABEL org.opencontainers.image.documentation=&quot;https:\/\/yeasy.gitbooks.io&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003 <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/opencontainers\/image-spec\/blob\/master\/annotations.md\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >https:\/\/github.com\/opencontainers\/image-spec\/blob\/master\/annotations.md<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>SHELL \u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>SHELL [&quot;executable&quot;, &quot;parameters&quot;]<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">SHELL` \u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a `RUN` `ENTRYPOINT` `CMD` \u6307\u4ee4\u7684 shell\uff0cLinux \u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a `[&quot;\/bin\/sh&quot;, &quot;-c&quot;]<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">SHELL [&quot;\/bin\/sh&quot;, &quot;-c&quot;]\nRUN lll ; ls\nSHELL [&quot;\/bin\/sh&quot;, &quot;-cex&quot;]\nRUN lll ; ls<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e24\u4e2a <code>RUN<\/code> \u8fd0\u884c\u540c\u4e00\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a <code>RUN<\/code> \u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6bcf\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53 <code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code> <code>CMD<\/code> \u4ee5 shell \u683c\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c<code>SHELL<\/code> \u6307\u4ee4\u6240\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 shell \u4e5f\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u7684 shell<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">SHELL [&quot;\/bin\/sh&quot;, &quot;-cex&quot;]\n# \/bin\/sh -cex &quot;nginx&quot;\nENTRYPOINT nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">SHELL [&quot;\/bin\/sh&quot;, &quot;-cex&quot;]\n# \/bin\/sh -cex &quot;nginx&quot;\nCMD nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><code>Dockerfie<\/code> \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/engine\/reference\/builder\/\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/engine\/reference\/builder\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u6587\u6863\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/develop\/develop-images\/dockerfile_best-practices\/\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >https:\/\/docs.docker.com\/develop\/develop-images\/dockerfile_best-practices\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><code>Docker<\/code> \u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf <code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/docker-library\/docs\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >https:\/\/github.com\/docker-library\/docs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Dockerfile \u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728 Docker 17.05 \u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6784\u5efa Docker \u955c\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<h5>\u5168\u90e8\u653e\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a Dockerfile<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f16\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9879\u76ee\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6253\u5305\u7b49\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u955c\u50cf\u5c42\u6b21\u591a\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u4f53\u79ef\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u957f<\/li>\n<li>\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5b58\u5728\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u98ce\u9669<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7f16\u5199 <code>app.go<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa <code>Hello World!<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-go\">package main\n\nimport &quot;fmt&quot;\n\nfunc main(){\n    fmt.Printf(&quot;Hello World!&quot;);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7f16\u5199 <code>Dockerfile.one<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM golang:alpine\n\nRUN apk --no-cache add git ca-certificates\n\nWORKDIR \/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\/\n\nCOPY app.go .\n\nRUN go get -d -v github.com\/go-sql-driver\/mysql \\\n  &amp;&amp; CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o app . \\\n  &amp;&amp; cp \/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\/app \/root\n\nWORKDIR \/root\/\n\nCMD [&quot;.\/app&quot;]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker build -t go\/helloworld:1 -f Dockerfile.one .<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u4e2a Dockerfile<\/h5>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e8b\u5148\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u7f16\u8bd1\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6253\u5305\u597d\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5176\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u4e24\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u811a\u672c\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u5176\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u81ea\u52a8\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89c4\u907f\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f46\u660e\u663e\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8f83\u590d\u6742<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7f16\u5199 <code>Dockerfile.build<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM golang:alpine\n\nRUN apk --no-cache add git\n\nWORKDIR \/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\n\nCOPY app.go .\n\nRUN go get -d -v github.com\/go-sql-driver\/mysql \\\n  &amp;&amp; CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o app .<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7f16\u5199 <code>Dockerfile.copy<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM alpine:latest\n\nRUN apk --no-cache add ca-certificates\n\nWORKDIR \/root\/\n\nCOPY app .\n\nCMD [&quot;.\/app&quot;]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u65b0\u5efa <code>build.sh<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">#!\/bin\/sh\necho Building go\/helloworld:build\n\ndocker build -t go\/helloworld:build . -f Dockerfile.build\n\ndocker create --name extract go\/helloworld:build\ndocker cp extract:\/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\/app .\/app\ndocker rm -f extract\n\necho Building go\/helloworld:2\n\ndocker build --no-cache -t go\/helloworld:2 . -f Dockerfile.copy\nrm .\/app<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u5373\u53ef\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ chmod +x build.sh\n\n$ .\/build.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u751f\u6210\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls\n\nREPOSITORY      TAG    IMAGE ID        CREATED         SIZE\ngo\/helloworld   2      f7cf3465432c    22 seconds ago  6.47MB\ngo\/helloworld   1      f55d3e16affc    2 minutes ago   295MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cDocker v17.05 \u5f00\u59cb\u652f\u6301\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa (<code>multistage builds<\/code>)\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u89e3\u51b3\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a <code>Dockerfile<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7f16\u5199 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM golang:alpine as builder\n\nRUN apk --no-cache add git\n\nWORKDIR \/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\/\n\nRUN go get -d -v github.com\/go-sql-driver\/mysql\n\nCOPY app.go .\n\nRUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o app .\n\nFROM alpine:latest as prod\n\nRUN apk --no-cache add ca-certificates\n\nWORKDIR \/root\/\n\nCOPY --from=0 \/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\/app .\n\nCMD [&quot;.\/app&quot;]<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker build -t go\/helloworld:3 .<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e09\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls\n\nREPOSITORY        TAG   IMAGE ID         CREATED            SIZE\ngo\/helloworld     3     d6911ed9c846     7 seconds ago      6.47MB\ngo\/helloworld     2     f7cf3465432c     22 seconds ago     6.47MB\ngo\/helloworld     1     f55d3e16affc     2 minutes ago      295MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4f53\u79ef\u5c0f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e0a\u8fb9\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<h5>\u53ea\u6784\u5efa\u67d0\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/h5>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>as<\/code> \u6765\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM golang:alpine as builder<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u60f3\u6784\u5efa <code>builder<\/code> \u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u589e\u52a0 <code>--target=builder<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker build --target builder -t username\/imagename:tag .<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u955c\u50cf\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 <code>COPY --from=0 \/go\/src\/github.com\/go\/helloworld\/app .<\/code> \u4ece\u4e0a\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u5236\u4efb\u610f\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">$ COPY --from=nginx:latest \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf \/nginx.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u6784\u5efa\u591a\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u652f\u6301\u7684 Docker \u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4f7f\u7528\u955c\u50cf\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u8be5\u955c\u50cf\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e Docker \u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>Linux x86_64<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Linux x86_64<\/code> \u7684\u955c\u50cf\u521b\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Windows\u3001macOS \u9664\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86binfmt_misc\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5728 Windows\u3001macOS \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a (x86_64) \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c arm \u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5728 <code>Linux x86_64<\/code> \u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a <code>username\/test<\/code> \u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-dockerfile\">FROM alpine\nCMD echo 1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u540e\u63a8\u9001\u5230 Docker Hub\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u6811\u8393\u6d3e <code>Linux arm64v8<\/code> \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker run -it --rm username\/test<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u6839\u672c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0d\u5230<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u955c\u50cf\u540d\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728 <code>Linux x86_64<\/code> \u548c <code>Linux arm64v8<\/code> \u5206\u522b\u6784\u5efa <code>username\/test<\/code> \u548c <code>username\/arm64v8-test<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5373\u53ef<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u663e\u5f97\u5f88\u7e41\u7410\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba9 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u81ea\u52a8\u62c9\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u73b0\u5728 <code>Linux x86_64<\/code> \u548c <code>Linux arm64v8<\/code> \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528 <code>golang:alpine<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u8fd0\u884c\u5bb9\u5668 <code>$ docker run golang:alpine go version<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f <code>golang:alpine<\/code> \u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a manifest\u5217\u8868\uff08manifest list\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u65f6\uff0cDocker \u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u67e5\u627e\u8be5\u955c\u50cf\u662f\u5426\u6709 <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u6309\u7167 Docker \u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u67b6\u6784\uff09\u67e5\u627e\u51fa\u5bf9\u5e94\u955c\u50cf\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 <code>golang:alpine<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u955c\u50cf\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u6784\u5efa\u7684 <code>username\/test<\/code>\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>$ docker manifest inspect golang:alpine<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker manifest inspect golang:alpine<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">{\n   &quot;schemaVersion&quot;: 2,\n   &quot;mediaType&quot;: &quot;application\/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json&quot;,\n   &quot;manifests&quot;: [\n      {\n         &quot;mediaType&quot;: &quot;application\/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json&quot;,\n         &quot;size&quot;: 1365,\n         &quot;digest&quot;: &quot;sha256:5e28ac423243b187f464d635bcfe1e909f4a31c6c8bce51d0db0a1062bec9e16&quot;,\n         &quot;platform&quot;: {\n            &quot;architecture&quot;: &quot;amd64&quot;,\n            &quot;os&quot;: &quot;linux&quot;\n         }\n      },\n      {\n         &quot;mediaType&quot;: &quot;application\/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json&quot;,\n         &quot;size&quot;: 1365,\n         &quot;digest&quot;: &quot;sha256:2945c46e26c9787da884b4065d1de64cf93a3b81ead1b949843dda1fcd458bae&quot;,\n         &quot;platform&quot;: {\n            &quot;architecture&quot;: &quot;arm&quot;,\n            &quot;os&quot;: &quot;linux&quot;,\n            &quot;variant&quot;: &quot;v7&quot;\n         }\n      },\n      {\n         &quot;mediaType&quot;: &quot;application\/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json&quot;,\n         &quot;size&quot;: 1365,\n         &quot;digest&quot;: &quot;sha256:87fff60114fd3402d0c1a7ddf1eea1ded658f171749b57dc782fd33ee2d47b2d&quot;,\n         &quot;platform&quot;: {\n            &quot;architecture&quot;: &quot;arm64&quot;,\n            &quot;os&quot;: &quot;linux&quot;,\n            &quot;variant&quot;: &quot;v8&quot;\n         }\n      },\n      {\n         &quot;mediaType&quot;: &quot;application\/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json&quot;,\n         &quot;size&quot;: 1365,\n         &quot;digest&quot;: &quot;sha256:607b43f1d91144f82a9433764e85eb3ccf83f73569552a49bc9788c31b4338de&quot;,\n         &quot;platform&quot;: {\n            &quot;architecture&quot;: &quot;386&quot;,\n            &quot;os&quot;: &quot;linux&quot;\n         }\n      },\n      {\n         &quot;mediaType&quot;: &quot;application\/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json&quot;,\n         &quot;size&quot;: 1365,\n         &quot;digest&quot;: &quot;sha256:25ead0e21ed5e246ce31e274b98c09aaf548606788ef28eaf375dc8525064314&quot;,\n         &quot;platform&quot;: {\n            &quot;architecture&quot;: &quot;ppc64le&quot;,\n            &quot;os&quot;: &quot;linux&quot;\n         }\n      },\n      {\n         &quot;mediaType&quot;: &quot;application\/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json&quot;,\n         &quot;size&quot;: 1365,\n         &quot;digest&quot;: &quot;sha256:69f5907fa93ea591175b2c688673775378ed861eeb687776669a48692bb9754d&quot;,\n         &quot;platform&quot;: {\n            &quot;architecture&quot;: &quot;s390x&quot;,\n            &quot;os&quot;: &quot;linux&quot;\n         }\n      }\n   ]\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u955c\u50cf <code>digest<\/code> \u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837 Docker \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684 <code>manifest<\/code> (\u4f8b\u5982 <code>golang:alpine<\/code>) \u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 <code>$ docker manifest<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u63a8\u9001 <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868\u5230 Docker Hub<\/p>\n<h4>\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u5728 <code>Linux x86_64<\/code> \u6784\u5efa <code>username\/x8664-test<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\u3002\u5e76\u5728 <code>Linux arm64v8<\/code> \u4e2d\u6784\u5efa <code>username\/arm64v8-test<\/code> \u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\u63a8\u9001\u5230 Docker Hub<\/p>\n<h4>\u521b\u5efa <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\"># $ docker manifest create MANIFEST_LIST MANIFEST [MANIFEST...]\n$ docker manifest create username\/test \\\n      username\/x8664-test \\\n      username\/arm64v8-test<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2a <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165 <code>-a<\/code> \u6216 <code>--amend<\/code> \u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<h4>\u8bbe\u7f6e <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\"># $ docker manifest annotate [OPTIONS] MANIFEST_LIST MANIFEST\n$ docker manifest annotate username\/test \\\n      username\/x8664-test \\\n      --os linux --arch x86_64\n\n$ docker manifest annotate username\/test \\\n      username\/arm64v8-test \\\n      --os linux --arch arm64 --variant v8<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86 <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<h4>\u67e5\u770b <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker manifest inspect username\/test<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u63a8\u9001 <code>manifest<\/code> \u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker manifest push username\/test<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728 <code>Linux x86_64<\/code> <code>Linux arm64v8<\/code> \u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u6267\u884c <code>$ docker run -it --rm username\/test<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3 <code>manifest<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u5b98\u65b9\u535a\u5ba2\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.docker.com\/blog\/multi-arch-all-the-things\/\" target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"nofollow\" >https:\/\/www.docker.com\/blog\/multi-arch-all-the-things\/<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u5176\u5b83\u5236\u4f5c\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 <code>Dockerfile<\/code> \u751f\u6210\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u5b83\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<h4>\u4ece rootfs \u538b\u7f29\u5305\u5bfc\u5165<\/h4>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>docker import [\u9009\u9879] &lt;\u6587\u4ef6&gt;|&lt;URL&gt;|- [&lt;\u4ed3\u5e93\u540d&gt;[:&lt;\u6807\u7b7e&gt;]]<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b Web \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u955c\u50cf <code>\/<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u63d0\u4ea4<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a OpenVZ \u7684 Ubuntu 16.04\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker import \\\n    http:\/\/download.openvz.org\/template\/precreated\/ubuntu-16.04-x86_64.tar.gz \\\n    openvz\/ubuntu:16.04\n\nDownloading from http:\/\/download.openvz.org\/template\/precreated\/ubuntu-16.04-x86_64.tar.gz\nsha256:412b8fc3e3f786dca0197834a698932b9c51b69bd8cf49e100c35d38c9879213<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e86 <code>ubuntu-16.04-x86_64.tar.gz<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c55\u5f00\u5bfc\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u955c\u50cf <code>openvz\/ubuntu:16.04<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u5bfc\u5165\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>docker image ls<\/code> \u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls openvz\/ubuntu\nREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE\nopenvz\/ubuntu       16.04               412b8fc3e3f7        55 seconds ago      505MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u6709\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker history openvz\/ubuntu:16.04\nIMAGE               CREATED              CREATED BY          SIZE                COMMENT\nf477a6e18e98        About a minute ago                       214.9 MB            Imported from http:\/\/download.openvz.org\/template\/precreated\/ubuntu-16.04-x86_64.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>Docker \u955c\u50cf\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa <code>docker save<\/code> \u548c <code>docker load<\/code><\/h4>\n<p>Docker \u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>docker save<\/code> \u548c <code>docker load<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5c06\u955c\u50cf\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709 Docker Registry \u65f6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u8fc1\u79fb\u5e94\u8be5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Registry\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Hub \u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f51\u79c1\u6709 Registry \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5<\/p>\n<h5>\u4fdd\u5b58\u955c\u50cf<\/h5>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>docker save<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u955c\u50cf\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4fdd\u5b58\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>alpine<\/code> \u955c\u50cf<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker image ls alpine\nREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE\nalpine              latest              baa5d63471ea        5 weeks ago         4.803 MB<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker save alpine -o filename\n$ file filename\nfilename: POSIX tar archive<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 filename \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u540d\u79f0\u751a\u81f3\u4efb\u610f\u540e\u7f00\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u90fd\u662f\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u540c\u540d\u5219\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u8b66\u544a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>gzip<\/code> \u538b\u7f29\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker save alpine | gzip &gt; alpine-latest.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 <code>alpine-latest.tar.gz<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u5230\u4e86\u5230\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u52a0\u8f7d\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ docker load -i alpine-latest.tar.gz\nLoaded image: alpine:latest<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u7ed3\u5408\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca <code>ssh<\/code> \u751a\u81f3 <code>pv<\/code> \u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5229\u7528 Linux \u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u5c06\u955c\u50cf\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e26\u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">docker save &lt;\u955c\u50cf\u540d&gt; | bzip2 | pv | ssh &lt;\u7528\u6237\u540d&gt;@&lt;\u4e3b\u673a\u540d&gt; &#039;cat | docker load&#039;<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5 \u955c\u50cf \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u4e3a \u5185\u6838 \u548c \u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e Linux \u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6302\u8f7d root \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u652f &#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-107","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=107"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":134,"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107\/revisions\/134"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}