{"id":366,"date":"2026-03-04T11:46:24","date_gmt":"2026-03-04T03:46:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/?p=366"},"modified":"2026-03-04T11:47:21","modified_gmt":"2026-03-04T03:47:21","slug":"366","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/danielw.top\/?p=366","title":{"rendered":"IPSec\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>IPSec\u534f\u8bae\u5206\u6790<\/h1>\n<h2>\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h2>\n<p>IPSec\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8baeAH\uff08Authentication Header\uff09\u548cESP\uff08Encapsulating Security Payload\uff09\uff0c\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406\u4ea4\u6362\u534f\u8baeIKE\uff08Internet Key Exchange\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u8ba4\u8bc1\u53ca \u52a0\u5bc6 \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u200b    IPSec\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3aIP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u200b    IPSec\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u4fdd\u969c\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u5728Internet\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u5426\u5408\u6cd5\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bc6\u6587\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728Internet\u4e0a\u4f20\u9001\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u5bf9\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\u540e\u5904\u7406\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u53d1\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u5bf9\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4ee5\u5224\u5b9a\u62a5\u6587\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6297\u91cd\u653e\uff1a\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u62d2\u7edd\u65e7\u7684\u6216\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u590d\u53d1\u9001\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>IPSec\u9996\u9009\u4f7f\u7528IKE\u534f\u8bae\u5efa\u7acbIPSec SA\uff08\u5b89\u5168\u8054\u76df\uff09\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u8054\u76df\u662f\u8981\u5efa\u7acbIPSec \u96a7\u9053\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u5bf9\u96a7\u9053\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u96a7\u9053\u4e24\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u96a7\u9053\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SA\u7531\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4\u6765\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4\u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u7d22\u5f15SPI\uff08Security Parameter Index\uff09\u3001\u76ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u53f7\uff08AH\u6216 ESP \uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cSPI\u662f\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6SA\u800c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a32\u4f4d\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u5728AH\u548cESP\u5934\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5728\u624b\u5de5\u914d\u7f6eSA\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5de5\u6307\u5b9aSPI\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528IKE\u534f\u5546\u4ea7\u751fSA\u65f6\uff0cSPI\u5c06\u968f\u673a\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SA\u662f\u5355\u5411\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e24\u4e2aIPSec\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6700\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e24\u4e2aSA\u6765\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SA\u662fIPSec\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0cSA\u662fSADB\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u53cc\u65b9\u5173\u4e8eIKE\u548cIPSec\u5df2\u7ecf\u534f\u5546\u5b8c\u6bd5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IKE or ISAKMP SA\uff1a\u53cc\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86IKE\u534f\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u7ec6\u8282<\/li>\n<li>IPSec SA\uff1a\u5355\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u5c01\u88c5\u534f\u8bae\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u52a0\u5bc6\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>IKE\u534f\u8bae<\/h2>\n<p>\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362IKE\uff08Internet Key Exchange\uff09\u534f\u8bae\u5efa\u7acb\u5728Internet\u5b89\u5168\u8054\u76df\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406\u534f\u8baeISAKMP\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eUDP\uff08User Datagram Protocol\uff09500 \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IKE\u534f\u5546\u4e24\u79cdSA\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IKE(ISAKMP) SA (\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>IPSEC SA\uff08\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8c\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>IKE\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>SKEME\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u516c\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<li>Oakley\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5230\u8fbe\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u95f4\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<li>ISAKMP\uff1a\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u683c\u5f0f\u53ca\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>IKE\u4e0eIPSec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/h3>\n<p>IKE\u4e3aIPSec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u534f\u5546\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u5efa\u7acbIPSec\u5b89\u5168\u8054\u76df\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7b80\u5316IPSec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316IPSec\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303100558041.png\" alt=\"image-20260303100558041\" \/><\/p>\n<p>IKE\u4e0eIPSec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2aIKE SA\u5b8c\u6210\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\u540e\uff0c\u5728IKE SA\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0b\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u914d\u7f6e\u7684AH\/ESP\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u534f\u5546\u51fa\u4e00\u5bf9IPSec SA\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u5728IPSec\u96a7\u9053\u4e2d\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>IKE\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/h3>\n<p>IKE\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u81ea\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u5206\u53d1\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u5efa\u7acbIPsec SA\uff1a<\/p>\n<h4>\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/h4>\n<p>\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u786e\u8ba4\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff08\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6216\u540d\u79f0\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5PSK\uff08pre-shared key\uff09\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66RSA\uff08rsa-signature\uff09\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u5c01\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5b57\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u91c7\u7528\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884cHash\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u8ba4\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528CA\u8bc1\u4e66\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u5404\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u516c\u94a5\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u8f93\uff09\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\uff08\u81ea\u5df1\u6301\u6709\uff09\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884cHash\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884cHash\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u89e3\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5219\u8ba4\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u5c01\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u9996\u5148\u968f\u673a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u5bf9\u6b64\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff08\u88ab\u516c\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u5c01\uff09\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7528\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u751f\u6210\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u89e3\u5bc6\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u5c01\u5f97\u5230\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u5bf9\u79f0\u5bc6\u94a5\u89e3\u5bc6\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5219\u8ba4\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>ISAKMP\u62a5\u6587\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-http\">       8      12      16              24              32\n     0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1\n    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+\n    !                            \u53d1\u8d77\u8005                             !\n    !                      Initiator Cookie                       !\n    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+\n    !                            \u5e94\u7b54                               !\n    !                      Responder Cookie                         !\n    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+\n    !   \u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7d\u8377  ! MjVer ! MnVer !    \u4ea4\u6362\u7c7b\u578b   !     \u6807\u5fd7      !\n    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+\n    !                            \u6d88\u606f  ID                           !\n    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+\n    !                             \u957f\u5ea6                              !\n    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>Initiator Cookie \u2015 Initiator Cookie\uff1a\u542f\u52a8 SA \u5efa\u7acb\u3001SA \u901a\u77e5\u6216 SA \u5220\u9664\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53 Cookie\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Responder Cookie \u2015 Responder Cookie\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94 SA \u5efa\u7acb\u3001SA \u901a\u77e5\u6216 SA \u5220\u9664\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53 Cookie\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Next Payload \u2015 \u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u7684 Next Payload \u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Major Version \u2015 \u4f7f\u7528\u7684 ISAKMP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Minor Version \u2015 \u4f7f\u7528\u7684 ISAKMP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6b21\u8981\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Exchange Type \u2015<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-http\">\u8868\u793a\u6240\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u6d88\u606f\u548c\u8f7d\u8377\u9075\u5faa\u6240\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\n                        \u4ea4\u6362\u7c7b\u578b                \u503c\n                         NONE                    0\n                         Base                    1\n                         Identity Protection     2\n                         Authentication Only     3\n                         Aggressive              4\n                         Informational           5\n                         ISAKMP Future Use     6 - 31\n                         DOI Specific Use     32 - 239\n                         Private Use         240 - 255<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>Flags \u2015 \u4e3a ISAKMP \u4ea4\u6362\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Message ID \u2015 \u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u7b2c2\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Length \u2015 \u5168\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5934\uff0b\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\uff09\u957f\uff08\u516b\u4f4d\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>IKE\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/h3>\n<p>\u91c7\u7528IKEv1\u534f\u5546\u5b89\u5168\u8054\u76df\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u534f\u5546\u548c\u5efa\u7acbIKE\u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5373\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2aIKE SA\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5bf9\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u7684IPSec\u5b89\u5168\u8054\u76df<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u5178\u7248\u672c\u7684IKEv1\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00 \uff1a IKE SA<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff086\u4e2a\u5305\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u91ce\u86ee\u6a21\u5f0f\uff083\u4e2a\u5305\uff09<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8c\uff1aIPSec SA<\/p>\n<p>\u5feb\u901f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff083\u4e2a\u5305\uff09<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5<\/h4>\n<p>IKEv1\u7684\u4e3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u534f\u5546\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u53cc\u5411\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u516d\u6761ISAKMP\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u534f\u5546\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303135222570.png\" alt=\"image-20260303135222570\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303135250964.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e09\u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u2460\u548c\u2461\u7528\u4e8e\u7b56\u7565\u4ea4\u6362<\/p>\n<p>\u53d1\u8d77\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2aIKE\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u65b9\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u5148\u5339\u914d\u7684IKE\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2aIKE\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\u56de\u5e94\u7ed9\u53d1\u8d77\u65b9\u3002\u5339\u914d\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4e3a\u534f\u5546\u53cc\u65b9\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cDiffie-Hellman\u7ec4\u6807\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u2462\u548c\u2463\u7528\u4e8e\u5bc6\u94a5\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u53cc\u65b9\u4ea4\u6362Diffie-Hellman\u516c\u5171\u503c\u548cnonce\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8eIKE SA\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u94a5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4ea7\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u2464\u548c\u2465\u7528\u4e8e\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362\uff08\u53cc\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u4e3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ea4\u6362\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p>IKE\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\u6307IKE\u534f\u5546\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7528\u5230\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001Diffie-Hellman\u7ec4\u53ca\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>nonce\u662f\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u8bc1IKE SA\u5b58\u6d3b\u548c\u6297\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00: IKE SA \n\u4e3b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff086\u4e2a\u5305\uff09\nInitiator                        Responder\n             ----------                       -----------\n-----------------------------------------------------------\n    1-2\u5305\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u534f\u5546\uff08\u660e\u6587\uff09\n\n              HDR, SA             --&gt;\n              Ci  SAi\n                                  &lt;--    HDR, SA\n\n                                           Ci Cr  SAr\n\nSA\u5b89\u5168\u8054\u76df(\u534f\u5546\u5404\u79cd\u53c2\u6570  \u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5   \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b97\u6cd5  \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3010\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5  \u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u3011 DH\u7ec4  \u5bc6\u94a5\u6709\u6548\u671f\uff09 \nHDR\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3aCi\uff0cCr\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868Initiator cookie\u548cResponder Cookie\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305Cr\u4e3a0\u3002\n\n------------------------------------------------------------\n\n3-4\u4e2a\u5305   \u4ea4\u6362\u5bc6\u94a5\u7d20\u6750\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ea7\u751f\u5bc6\u94a5(\u660e\u6587\uff09\n\n              HDR, KE, Ni         --&gt;\n              Ci  Cr  K   Ni\n                                  &lt;--    HDR, KE, Nr\n                                           Ci Cr  k  Nr\n\nNi Nr----\u4ee3\u8868\u968f\u673a\u6570\n\u901a\u8fc7KE\u4ea4\u6362\u7d20\u6750\u5f97\u5230\u516c\u5171\u7684K\u503c\n\nK\u503c\u4e3a\u63a8\u5bfcSKEYID\u4f7f\u7528  K = g^xy\nSKEYID ------\u57fa\u51c6\u5bc6\u94a5\n\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\nSKEYID = prf(pre-shared-key, Ni|Nr)\n\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\nSKEYID = prf(Ni | Nr, K) -----\u57fa\u51c6\u5bc6\u94a5\n\n \u901a\u8fc7SKEYID\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e09\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\n   SKEYID_d = prf(SKEYID, K | Ci | Cr | 0) -----------\u63a8\u5bfc\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u884d\u751f\u5bc6\u94a5\n\n   SKEYID_a = prf(SKEYID, SKEYID_d | K | Ci | Cr | 1)---------\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bc6\u94a5\n   SKEYID_e = prf(SKEYID, SKEYID_a | K | Ci | Cr | 2)---------\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u94a5\n\n-----------------------------------------------------------\n\n5-6 \u4e24\u4e2a\u5305    \u505a\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1 \uff08\u52a0\u5bc6\uff09\n\n\u91c7\u7528\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a55 6\u4e24\u4e2a\u5305\n   HDR*, IDii, HASH_I  --&gt; \n   Ci Cr  \n                                  &lt;--    HDR*, IDir, HASH_R\n\nIDii\u548cIDir------\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8981IP\u5730\u5740\n HASH_I =   prf(SKEYID,K| Ci | Cr| SAi | IDi )\n HASH_R =  prf(SKEYID, K| Ci | Cr | SAr | IDr )\n\n\u91c7\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u76845 6\u4e24\u4e2a\u5305\n HDR*, IDii, [ CERT, ] SIG_I --&gt;\n\n                                    &lt;--    HDR*, IDir, [ CERT, ] SIG_R\n\n-----------------------------------------------------------------\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u7684\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u5305\uff08\u660e\u6587\uff09\uff1a<\/h5>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u5305\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff0c\u534f\u5546\u53d1\u8d77\u53d1\uff0c\u53d1\u9001IKE\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u7ed9\u54cd\u5e94\u65b9\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e3a\u6293\u5305\u793a\u4f8b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303143815663.png\" alt=\"image-20260303143815663\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303144730174.png\" alt=\"image-20260303144730174\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303145146158.png\" alt=\"image-20260303145146158\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u7535\u529b\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7eb5\u5411\u52a0\u5bc6\u8ba4\u8bc1\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h5>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u7684\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u5305\uff08\u660e\u6587\uff09\uff1a<\/h5>\n<p>\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\u3002\u7ed9\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u56de\u590d\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u6293\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303154909064.png\" alt=\"image-20260303154909064\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303155119950.png\" alt=\"image-20260303155119950\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u7684\u7b2c3\u4e2a\u5305\uff08\u660e\u6587\uff09\uff1a<\/h5>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u8d77\u65b9\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u5c31\u7ed9\u5bf9\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u5bc6\u94a5\u751f\u6210\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bf9\u65b9\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210IKE\u7684\u79d8\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303155401186.png\" alt=\"image-20260303155401186\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5305\uff08\u660e\u6587\uff09\uff1a<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u534f\u5546\u76f8\u5e94\u65b9\u7ed9\u534f\u5546\u53d1\u8d77\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u5bc6\u94a5\u751f\u6210\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u8d77\u65b9\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303155449887.png\" alt=\"image-20260303155449887\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u53cc\u65b9\u5404\u81ea\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0cSKEYID_a\uff0cd\uff0ce\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dd\u662f\u6839\u636ez=pfs\uff08pre-shared  key\uff0ccookie_i\uff0ccookie_ni\uff0cnl|0\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dd\u7528\u6765\u7ed9\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u7d20\u6750\u3002a\u7528\u6765\u5bf9IKE\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0ce\u7528\u6765\u52a0\u5bc6\u6574\u4e2aIKE\u534f\u5546\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>K\u503c\u4e3a\u63a8\u5bfcSKEYID\u4f7f\u7528 \n    SKEYID ------\u57fa\u51c6\u5bc6\u94a5\n\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\n\n    SKEYID = prf(pre-shared-key, Ni|Nr)\n\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\n    SKEYID = prf(Ni | Nr, K) \n\n \u901a\u8fc7SKEYID\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e09\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\n      SKEYID_d = prf(SKEYID, K | Ci | Cr | 0) -----------\u63a8\u5bfc\u5bc6\u94a5\n      SKEYID_a = prf(SKEYID, SKEYID_d | K | Ci | Cr | 1)---------\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bc6\u94a5,\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\n      SKEYID_e = prf(SKEYID, SKEYID_a | K | Ci | Cr | 2)---------\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u94a5<\/code><\/pre>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u4e3b\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5bc6\u94a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7b49\u70b9\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528HASH_I\uff0c\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u7406IDir\u4e4b\u524d\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u91ce\u86ee\u6a21\u5f0f\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u91ce\u86ee\u6a21\u5f0f\u5141\u8bb8\u53cc\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u7ef4\u62a4\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u5b9a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h5>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u7684\u7b2c5\u4e2a\u5305\uff08\u5bc6\u6587\uff09\uff1a<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u53d1\u8d77\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303160055031.png\" alt=\"image-20260303160055031\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u521d\u59cb\u65b9\u5f00\u59cb\u7ee7\u7eed\u534f\u5546\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6b64\u523b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u88abekey\u52a0\u5bc6\u8fc7\u7684\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6807\u8bc6\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6563\u5217\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u6807\u8bc6\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8c13\u7684ID_I\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6563\u5217\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4f7f\u7528session_a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6563\u5217\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684Z\uff0c\u548c\u4e24\u7aef\u7684cookie\uff0cpre-share key \uff0c\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u96c6\uff0cSA\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u7684\u7b2c6\u4e2a\u5305\uff08\u5bc6\u6587\uff09\uff1a<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528: \u534f\u5546\u54cd\u5e94\u65b9\u7ed9\u53d1\u8d77\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303160149889.png\" alt=\"image-20260303160149889\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>Authentication: No authentication<\/strong>\uff1a<strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6781\u5177\u8bef\u5bfc\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u7b26\u5408\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/strong> \u5728IKEv1\u62a5\u6587\u5934\u4e2d\uff0c<code>Authentication<\/code>\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7279\u6307\u201c<strong>\u8f7d\u8377\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d<\/strong>\u201d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8ePSK\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5176\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8f7d\u8377 (<code>AUTH<\/code>) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u54c8\u5e0c\u503c<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u975e<strong>\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d<\/strong>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6b64\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u4e3a <code>0<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u201d\u3002PSK\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5f53\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u6536\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u5148\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636eID\u627e\u5230pre-key\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u6563\u5217\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u63a5\u6536\u547c\u53eb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u5c01\u88c5\u5728UDP 500\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u534f\u5546\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7279\u6027<\/th>\n<th>\u9884\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5<\/th>\n<th>\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u8eab\u4efd\u51ed\u636e<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u65b9\u9884\u5148\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u3001\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u57fa\u4e8ePKI\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u6301\u6709\u7531\u53ef\u4fe1\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\uff08CA\uff09\u7b7e\u53d1\u7684X.509\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u8ba4\u8bc1\u672c\u8d28<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bf9\u65b9\u662f\u5426\u77e5\u9053\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u79d8\u5bc6\u201d\u3002<strong>\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u79d8\u5bc6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u58f0\u79f0\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bf9\u65b9\u6301\u6709\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u5426\u7531\u53ef\u4fe1CA\u7b7e\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7528\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u3002<strong>\u53ef\u4fe1\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8bc1\u660e\u4f60\u662f\u8c01\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f60\u80fd\u7528\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u7b7e\u540d\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u4f60\u662f\u4f60\u3002<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u8eab\u4efd\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5f31\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4e0eIP\u5730\u5740\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff08\u5982\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u7aefIP\u548cPSK\uff09\u3002IP\u6b3a\u9a97\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8eab\u4efd\u5192\u7528\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u5f3a\u3002\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4e3b\u9898\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u5982CN=gatewayA.company.com\uff09\u660e\u786e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e86\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4e0eIP\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5dee\u3002\u6bcf\u5bf9\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002N\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u7ea6N\u00b2\/2\u4e2a\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u4f18\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u4fe1\u4efb\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839CA\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e24\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bf9\u65b9\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u6613\u4e8e\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\u3002\u5bc6\u94a5\u6cc4\u9732\u3001\u5f31\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u9759\u6001\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u66f4\u6362\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u79c1\u94a5\u7684\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\u548cPKI\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u652f\u6301\u5bc6\u94a5\u8f6e\u6362\u548c\u540a\u9500\uff08CRL\/OCSP\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/h4>\n<p>IKEv1\u534f\u5546\u9636\u6bb52\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u7528\u6765\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684IPSec SA\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u91c7\u7528\u5feb\u901f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Quick  Mode\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528IKEv1\u534f\u5546\u9636\u6bb51\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9ISAKMP\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9ISAKMP\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u6545\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260303161625719.png\" alt=\"image-20260303161625719\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9636\u6bb5\u4e8c\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u534f\u5546\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre><code> Initiator                         Responder\n   -----------                   -----------\n   HDR*, HASH(1), SA, Ni\n     [, KE ] [, IDci, IDcr ] --&gt;\n                              &lt;--    HDR*, HASH(2), SA, Nr\n                                     [, KE ] [, IDci, IDcr ]\n      HDR*, HASH(3)       --&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code>   HASH(1) = prf(SKEYID_a, M-ID | SA | Ni [ | KE ] [ | IDci | IDcr )\n   HASH(2) = prf(SKEYID_a, M-ID | Ni_b | SA | Nr [ | KE ] [ | IDci |\n   IDcr )\n   HASH(3) = prf(SKEYID_a, 0 | M-ID | Ni_b | Nr_b)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>IKEv1\u534f\u5546\u9636\u6bb52\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u6761ISAKMP\u6d88\u606f\u5b8c\u6210\u53cc\u65b9IPSec SA\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u534f\u5546\u53d1\u8d77\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u672c\u7aef\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u62ec\u88ab\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u548cIPSec\u5b89\u5168\u63d0\u8bae\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u534f\u5546\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\u62ec\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u6750\u6599\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u6b21\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u534f\u5546\u54cd\u5e94\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>IPSec SA\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u9700\u8981\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bc6\u94a5\u7531\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001SPI\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u884d\u751f\u5f97\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6bcf\u4e2aIPSec SA\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u542f\u7528PSF\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u518d\u6b21\u5e94\u7528DH\u7b97\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u534f\u5546\u65f6\u8981\u4e3aPFS\u534f\u5546DH\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u53d1\u9001\u65b9\u53d1\u9001\u786e\u8ba4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u534f\u5546\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>AH\u534f\u8bae\u4e0eESP\u534f\u8bae<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u533a\u522b\u4e0e\u8054\u7cfb<\/th>\n<th>AH\u534f\u8bae<\/th>\n<th>ESP\u534f\u8bae<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u540d\u5b57<\/td>\n<td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5934\u90e8\u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n<td>\u5c01\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u8f7d\u8377\u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IP\u534f\u8bae\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u534f\u8bae<\/td>\n<td>\u662f<\/td>\n<td>\u662f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IP\u534f\u8bae\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\n<td>51<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e0b\u4e00\u5934\u90e8<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u76848\u4f4d\uff0c\u6307\u660e\u8f7d\u8377\u7c7b\u578b\uff08TCP\\UDP\\IP\\IPSec\uff09<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u5c3e\u90e8\uff0c8\u4f4d\uff0c\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0eAH\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8f7d\u8377\u957f\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>8\u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ee532\u6bd4\u7279\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684AH\u5934\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u51cf2<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u6b64\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4fdd\u7559\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\n<td>16bits\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba40\uff0c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u7559\u7528<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u6b64\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SPI<\/td>\n<td>32\u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u6709\u76f8\u540cIP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u76f8\u540c\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e0d\u540cSA\u3002\u7531SA\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8005\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u610f\u4e49<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u5934\u90e8\uff0c32\u4f4d\uff0c\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0eAH\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7<\/td>\n<td>32\u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u9879\u9012\u589e\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\uff0cSA\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u521d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u5934\u90e8\uff0c32\u4f4d\uff0c\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0eAH\u4e00\u81f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<td>\u6458\u8981\u6216\u8005\u6307\u7eb9\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u7531SA\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6=\u6574\u6570\u500d32\u4f4d\u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\u53d8\u957f\uff08\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684HMAC\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u662fHMAC\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6821\u9a8c\u503cICV\uff0c\uff09<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u9009\u62e9ESP\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8bed\u4e49\u548cAH\u4e00\u81f4\uff08\u4f46\u5177\u4f53\u9a8c\u8bc1\u533a\u57df\u4e0d\u540c\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8f7d\u8377\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<td>\u7d27\u8ddfAH\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u8f7d\u8377\uff0c\u53d8\u957f\uff0c\u660e\u6587<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8f7d\u8377\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bc6\u6587\u6216\u8005\u660e\u6587<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u586b\u5145\u548c\u586b\u5145\u957f\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0<\/td>\n<td>\u586b\u5145\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c0-255\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u6574\u6570\u4e2a\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u586b\u5145\u3002\u586b\u5145\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c8bits\uff0c\u586b\u5145\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u62a5\u6587\u683c\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>AH\u5934\u90e8+AH\u8f7d\u8377<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u5934\u90e8+ESP\u51c0\u8377+ESP\u5c3e\u90e8\uff08\u586b\u5145\u3001\u586b\u5145\u957f\u5ea6\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\uff09+ESP\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u4fdd\u62a4IP\u8f7d\u8377<\/td>\n<td>\u4fdd\u62a4IP\u8f7d\u8377<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u5f0f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u533a\u57df<\/td>\n<td>IP\u5934\u90e8+AH\u5934\u90e8+TCP\/UDP\u5934\u90e8+\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53ef\u53d8\u5b57\u6bb5\u9664\u5916\uff09<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u5934\u90e8+ TCP\/UDP\u5934\u90e8+\u6570\u636e+ESP\u5c3e\u90e8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u5f0f\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u51c0\u8377+ESP\u5c3e\u90e8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u96a7\u9053\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n<td>\u4fdd\u62a4\u6574\u4e2aIP\u5305<\/td>\n<td>\u4fdd\u62a4\u6574\u4e2aIP\u5305<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u96a7\u9053\u6a21\u5f0f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u533a\u57df<\/td>\n<td>\u65b0IP\u5934\u90e8+AH\u5934\u90e8+ IP\u5934\u90e8+ TCP\/UDP\u5934\u90e8+\u6570\u636e\uff08\u53ef\u53d8\u5b57\u6bb5\u9664\u5916\uff09<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u5934\u90e8+IP\u5934\u90e8+TCP\/UDP\u5934\u90e8+\u6570\u636e+ESP\u5c3e\u90e8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u96a7\u9053\u6a21\u5f0f\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0<\/td>\n<td>ESP\u51c0\u8377+ESP\u5c3e\u90e8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5916\u51fa\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<td>\u67e5\u8be2SAD\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u6216\u589e\u52a0\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6821\u9a8c\u503c\uff08ICV\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u5982\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5219\u548cAH\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5219\u8fd8\u4f1a\u52a0\u5bc6\u5206\u7ec4\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u5bc6+\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5219\u8ba1\u7b97ICV\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u90fd\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8fdb\u5165\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<td>\u91cd\u7ec4\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2SAD\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2SPD\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\uff08\u6297\u91cd\u653e\u529f\u80fd\uff09\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u5982\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5219\u548cAH\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5219\u8fd8\u9700\u89e3\u5bc6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u9a8c\u8bc1+\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5219\u8ba1\u7b97ICV\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u90fd\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7b97\u6cd5<\/td>\n<td>\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td>\n<td>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\uff08\u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u51fd\u6570\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6821\u9a8c\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1 \u6570\u636e\u6e90\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6821\u9a8c\u7801\u65f6\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u5bc6\u94a5\u5b9e\u73b0 \u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\uff1aAH\u62a5\u5934\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb<\/td>\n<td>\u9664\u4e86AH\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u5916\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u5305\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u52a0\u5bc6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e0eNAT\u7684\u8054\u7cfb<\/td>\n<td>NAT\u4f1a\u5bf9IP\u5934\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u5bfc\u81f4AH\u534f\u8bae\u4e0b\u7684IPsec\u4e0d\u80fd\u7a7f\u8d8aNAT<\/td>\n<td>\u5982\u679c\u662fNAT\u5bf9IP\u5934\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0cESP\u80fd\u9002\u7528\u4e8eNAT\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679cNAT\u4e3aIP\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04+\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\u6539\u53d8\uff09\uff0c\u5219ESP\u534f\u8bae\u4e0b\u7684IPSec\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u9002\u7528NAT\uff08\u8003\u8651NAT-T\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>AH\u534f\u8bae<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260304111149986.png\" alt=\"image-20260304111149986\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>ESP\u534f\u8bae<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/img.danielw.top\/image-20260304111135143.png\" alt=\"image-20260304111135143\" \/><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7279\u6027<\/th>\n<th>\u52a0\u5bc6\u8303\u56f4<\/th>\n<th>\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8303\u56f4<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u76ee\u7684<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u673a\u5bc6\u6027<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3001\u6297\u91cd\u653e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u9009<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u662f<\/td>\n<td>\u662f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u539f\u59cb\u8f7d\u8377 + ESP\u5c3e\u90e8\uff08Pad, Pad Len, Next Hdr\uff09<\/td>\n<td><strong>ESP\u5934 + \u52a0\u5bc6\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9 + 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